Unix

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a [|multitasking], [|multi-user] [|operating system] developed in 1969 by a group of [|AT&T] employees at Bell Labs, including Ken Thompson, [|Dennis Ritchie], [|Brian Kernighan], [|Douglas McIlroy], and [|Joe Ossanna].
 * Unix**, (UNIX)

=Components= Unix consists of a [|Kernel], a [|Shell] that provides a traditional [|command-line user interface] as well as a [|scripting language], and [|Utility programs]. [|Graphical user interfaces] for Unix, such as [|GNOME], [|KDE], and [|Xfce] based on the [|X Window System] are called visual or graphical shells.

=Philosophy= The [|Unix philosophy] was summarized by [|Doug McIlroy], the inventor of [|Unix pipes]: //Write programs that do one thing and do it well. Write programs to work together. Write programs to handle [|text streams], because that is a universal interface//. This paradigm was archetype of both primary Protocols in computer chess, to communicate with a GUI or game playing controllers and servers, the Chess Engine Communication Protocol, and UCI.

=Unix-Systems= > [|FreeBSD] > [|OpenBSD] > [|Digital UNIX]
 * [[image:Unix_timeline.en.svg.png link="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Unix_history.svg"]] ||
 * Unix genealogy tree ||
 * [|AIX]
 * Android
 * [|Berkeley Software Distribution]
 * [|Darwin]
 * [|GNU]
 * Linux
 * Mac OS
 * [|MINIX]
 * [|Solaris]
 * [|SunOS]
 * [|Tru64 UNIX]
 * [|UNIX System V]
 * [|Xenix]

=Selected Publications=
 * Ken Thompson and [|Dennis Ritchie] (**1971**). //[|UNIX Programmer's Manual]//. Bell Telephone Laboratories, [|5th Edition 1974 as pdf], [|7th Edition 1979]
 * [|Simson Garfinkel], [|Daniel Weise], and [|Steven Strassmann] (eds.) (**1994**). //[|The Unix-Haters Handbook]//. ISBN 1-56884-203-1.
 * [|Dennis Ritchie] (**2001**). //[|Ken, Unix, and Games]//, ICGA Journal, [|Vol. 24. No. 2]
 * [|Eric S. Raymond] (**2003**). //[|The Art of Unix Programming]//. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-142901-7, [|Addison-Wesley]
 * Hiroyuki Iida (**2011**). //The 2011 Japan Prize Awarded to Unix Pioneers//. ICGA Journal Vol. 34, No. 1

=Forum Posts=
 * [|Compiling for Unix] by Pradu Kannan, Winboard Forum, May 08, 2007 » Buzz
 * [|Escape from the Unix Cosmic Background Radiation] by Steven Edwards, CCC, September 23, 2014

=External Links= > media type="youtube" key="JoVQTPbD6UY?rel=0" height="360" width="480"
 * [|Unix from Wikipedia]
 * [|Unix architecture from Wikipedia]
 * [|Unix-like from Wikipedia]
 * [|Unix philosophy from Wikipedia]
 * [|Single UNIX Specification from Wikipedia]
 * [|Unix wars from Wikipedia]
 * [|POSIX from Wikipedia]
 * Ken Thompson and [|Dennis Ritchie] Explain UNIX (Bell Labs), [|YouTube] Video

=References= =What links here?= include component="backlinks" page="Unix" limit="100"
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