Horizon+Effect

toc =Quotes=
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 * [[image:Sonne_Meer_und_Möwe.jpg link="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizon"]] ||~  || The **Horizon Effect** is caused by the depth limitation of the search algorithm, and became manifest when some negative event is inevitable but postponable. Because only a partial game tree has been analyzed, it will appear to the system that the event can be avoided when in fact this is not the case. Beside obligatory quiescence search, extensions, specially check extensions are designed to reduce horizon effects. ||
 * [|Water Horizon] ||~  ||^   ||

By Tony Marsland
Quote by Tony Marsland from //Computer Chess and Search.// : ||



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By Amir Ban
Amir Ban in a reply to Robert Hyatt on Horizon Effect 1998 :

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By Robert Hyatt
Robert Hyatt states on Horizon Effect in 2006 :

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By Gerald Tripard
Gerald Tripard in a 2010 letter on his time at ETH Zurich, his chess program Charly, and the match versus Mac Hack VI in 1968 : 

Crossovers
Lawrence J. Krakauer in an additional note on Gerald Tripard's letter :

Ostrich Effect
by Gary J. Boos on Mr. Turk from Ben Mittman's 1971 Panel :

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=See also=
 * Caesar's Horizon
 * Check
 * Check Extensions
 * Extensions
 * Horizon Node
 * Quiescent Node
 * Quiescence Search

=Publications=
 * Richard Greenblatt, Donald Eastlake, [|Stephen D. Crocker] (**1967**). //The Greenblatt Chess Program//. Proceedings of the AfiPs Fall Joint Computer Conference, Vol. 31, pp. 801-810. Reprinted (**1988**) in Computer Chess Compendium, [|pdf] from The Computer History Museum or as [|pdf or ps] from [|DSpace] at MIT
 * Hans Berliner (**1973**). //Some Necessary Conditions for a Master Chess Program.// [|3. IJCAI 1973]
 * Larry Harris (**1975**) //The Heuristic Search And The Game Of Chess - A Study Of Quiescence, Sacrifices, And Plan Oriented Play//. [|4. IJCAI 1975], reprinted in Computer Chess Compendium by David Levy (Editor) B.T. Batsford, London 1988, ISBN 0-7134-4914-4, Pages 136 - 142.
 * Hermann Kaindl (**1982**). //Dynamic Control of the Quiescence Search in Computer Chess//. Cybernetics and Systems Research (ed. R. Trappl), pp. 973-977. North-Holland, Amsterdam.
 * Hermann Kaindl (**1982**). //Quiescence Search in Computer Chess.// SIGART Newsletter, 80, pp. 124-131. Reprinted (1983) in Computer-Game-Playing: Theory and Practice, pp. 39-52. Ellis Horwood Ltd., Chichester.
 * Tony Marsland (**1992**). //Computer Chess and Search.// Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence (2nd ed.) (ed. S.C. Shapiro) pp. 224-241. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, NY. ISBN 0-471-50305-3. [|pdf]
 * David Levy (**2015**). //The "Horizon Effect" in Politics//. ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2

=Horizon Effect Elsewhere=
 * [|Guangjie Li] (**2009**). //The Horizon Effect of Stock Return Predictability and Model Uncertainty on Portfolio Choice//: UK Evidence, as [|pdf]

=Forum Posts=

1995 ....

 * [|Horizon Effects in modern chess programs?] by Steve McCracken, rgcc, September 05, 1995
 * [|Re: Horizon Effects in modern chess programs?] by Brian Sheppard, rgcc, September 10, 1995
 * [|What to do with Horizon effect?] by Werner Inmann, CCC, October 31, 1998

2000 ...

 * [|real job of the qSearch? find quiet vs stop horizon effect] by Scott Farrell, CCC, August 28, 2003
 * [|What is horizon effect?] by Masros Tukiran, CCC, January 29, 2006
 * [|Good Example of Horizon effect in Eval] by Ross Boyd, CCC, February 02, 2008
 * [|Horizon Effect] by Charles Roberson, CCC, March 09, 2008

2010 ...

 * [|Horizon detection] by Harm Geert Muller, CCC, March 25, 2015
 * [|Ostrich tactics and pointless checks] by Colin Jenkins, CCC, May 29, 2015 » Check
 * [|'Analogy grafting' and the horizon effect] by Harm Geert Muller, CCC, June 22, 2015
 * [|Horizon effect] by Harm Geert Muller, CCC, April 27, 2017
 * [|Horizon effect] by Harm Geert Muller, CCC, September 05, 2017

=External Links= > media type="custom" key="24785334"
 * [|Horizon effect from Wikipedia]
 * [|Horizon from Wikipedia]
 * [|Which nodes to search? Full-width vs. selective search], Lecture notes for February 4, 1999 by David Eppstein
 * Mezzoforte - Beyond The Horizon, Live In Reykjavik, March 27, 2007, [|YouTube] Video

=References= =What links here?= include page="Horizon Effect" component="backlinks" limit="90"
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