WCCC+1977

toc =Final Standing= 2nd World Computer Chess Championship 1977, Toronto CA.
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 * [[image:levywccc77.jpg width="220" link="http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/1977_WCCC_Toronto.102645433/index.php?iid=mov-433190c268f04"]] ||~  || The **Second World Computer Chess Championship** took place from August 7 to 9, 1977, in [|Toronto], [|Ontario], [|Canada], under the auspices of the new founded ICCA. It was a four round [|swiss tournament] with 16 participants. Chess 4.6 was the sole winner with 4 out of 4. ||
 * David Levy ||~  ||^   ||
 * ~ # ||~ Program ||~ CC ||~ R1 ||~ R2 ||~ R3 ||~ R4 ||~ P ||~ SOS ||~ SoDOS ||
 * ~ 1 || Chess 4.6 ||~ US ||> 13w1 ||> 6b1 ||> 2w1 ||> 4b1 ||~ 4 ||= 9 ||= 9 ||
 * ~ 2 || Duchess ||~ US ||> 3w1 ||> 7w1 ||> 1b0 ||> 6b1 ||~ 3 ||= 11 ||= 7 ||
 * ~ 3 || Kaissa ||~ SU ||> 2b0 ||> 16w1 ||> 5b1 ||> 11b1 ||~ 3 ||= 7 ||= 4 ||
 * ~ 4 || Belle ||~ US ||> 11w½ ||> 12b1 ||> 8w1 ||> 1w0 ||~ 2½ ||= 9 ||= 4¼ ||
 * ~ 5 || CHAOS ||~ US ||> 15w1 ||> 8b½ ||> 3w0 ||> 12b1 ||~ 2½ ||= 7½ ||= 3½ ||
 * ~ 6 || Master ||~ GB ||> 14b1 ||> 1w0 ||> 10b1 ||> 2w0 ||~ 2 ||= 10½ ||= 3½ ||
 * ~ 7 || Ostrich ||~ CA ||> 9w1 ||> 2b0 ||> 11w½ ||> 13b½ ||~ 2 ||= 8 ||= 3½ ||
 * ~ 8 || Dark Horse ||~ SE ||> 16b1 ||> 5w½ ||> 4b0 ||> 9b½ ||~ 2 ||= 7 ||= 2¼ ||
 * ~ 9 || Wita ||~ CA ||> 7b0 ||> 13b1 ||> 15w½ ||> 8w½ ||~ 2 ||= 6½ ||= 3 ||
 * ~ 10 || Elsa ||~ DE ||> 12w½ ||> 11b½ ||> 6w0 ||> 15b1 ||~ 2 ||= 6 ||= 2½ ||
 * ~ 11 || Black Knight ||~ US ||> 4b½ ||> 10w½ ||> 7b½ ||> 3w0 ||~ 1½ ||= 9½ ||= 3¼ ||
 * ~ 12 || Blitz 5 ||~ US ||> 10b½ ||> 4w0 ||> 14b1 ||> 5w0 ||~ 1½ ||= 8½ ||= 2½ ||
 * ~ 13 || BCP ||~ GB ||> 1b0 ||> 9w0 ||> 16b1 ||> 7w½ ||~ 1½ ||= 8 ||= 1 ||
 * ~ 14 || Chute 1.2 ||~ CA ||> 6w0 ||> 15b½ ||> 12w0 ||> 16b1 ||~ 1½ ||= 4½ ||= ½ ||
 * ~ 15 || Bs6676 ||~ NL ||> 5b0 ||> 14w½ ||> 9b½ ||> 10w0 ||~ 1 ||= 8 ||= 1¾ ||
 * ~ 16 || Tell ||~ CH ||> 8w0 ||> 3b0 ||> 13w0 ||> 14w0 ||~ 0 ||= 8 ||= 0 ||
 * [|CC Country Codes]
 * SOS: [|Sum of Opponent Scores]
 * SoDOS: [|Sum of Defeated Opponent Scores]

=Participants= 2nd World Computer Chess Championship 1977, Toronto CA Gary Maltzen, Lonny Lebahn || UNIVAC 1110 || Fortran || Fred Swartz, William Toikka, Joe Winograd || Amdahl 470v/6 || Fortran || Anatoly Uskov, Georgy Adelson-Velsky || IBM 370/168 || Assembly ||
 * ~ Program ||~ CC ||~ Authors ||~ Hardware ||~ Language ||
 * BCP ||~ GB || Don Beal || CDC 6400 || Fortran and Assembly ||
 * Belle ||~ US || Ken Thompson, Joe Condon || PDP-11 + Chess Hardware || C ||
 * Black Knight ||~ US || Fred Prouse, Kenn Sogge,
 * Blitz 5 ||~ US || Robert Hyatt || [|XDS Sigma 9] || Fortran ||
 * Bs6676 ||~ NL || Barend Swets || IBM 370/168 || Fortran ||
 * Chess 4.6 ||~ US || Larry Atkin, David Slate, David Cahlander || CDC Cyber 176 || Assembly ||
 * CHAOS ||~ US || Mike Alexander, Victor Berman, Ira Ruben,
 * Chute 1.2 ||~ CA || Michael Valenti, Zvonko Vranesic || Amdahl 470v/6 || [|XPL] ||
 * Dark Horse ||~ SE || Ulf Rathsman || CDC 6400 || Fortran ||
 * Duchess ||~ US || Eric Jensen, Tom Truscott, Bruce Wright || IBM 370/165 || PL/I and Assembly ||
 * Elsa ||~ DE || Ludwig Zagler || TR 440 || Assembly ||
 * Kaissa ||~ SU || Mikhail Donskoy, Vladimir Arlazarov,
 * Master ||~ GB || John Birmingham, Peter Kent || IBM 370/168 || PL/I ||
 * Ostrich ||~ CA || Monty Newborn, George Arnold || SuperNOVA || Assembly ||
 * Tell ||~ CH || Johann Joss || DEC KL-10 || Algol 60 ||
 * Wita ||~ CA || Tony Marsland || Amdahl 470v/6 || Algol W ||
 * [|CC Country Codes]

=Selected Games= Round 1, Duchess - Kaissa, where Kaissa surprised with 34... Re8 code [Event "WCCC 1977"] [Site "Toronto, Canada"] [Date "1977.08.07"] [Round "1"] [White "Duchess"] [Black "Kaissa"] [Result "1-0"]

1.e4 d5 2.exd5 Nf6 3.d4 Nxd5 4.Nf3 g6 5.Be2 Bg7 6.c4 Nb6 7.Nc3 O-O 8.Be3 Bg4 9.c5 Nd5 10.O-O e6 11.Qb3 b6 12.Nxd5 exd5 13.Bg5 Qd7 14.h3 Bf5 15.Qc3 Re8 16.Rfe1 Be4 17.Nd2 Qf5 18.Be3 Qe6 19.Nxe4 dxe4 20.cxb6 cxb6 21.Rec1 Nd7 22.Bg4 Qd5 23.Qc6 Nf6 24.Be2 Rad8 25.Qa4 Re7 26.Bb5 Qf5 27.Rc2 Nd5 28.Rac1 Bf6 29.Qb3 a5 30.g4 Qe6 31.Rc6 a4 32.Qxa4 Rd6 33.Rxd6 Qxd6 34.Qa8+ Re8 35.Qxe8+ Kg7 36.g5 Bd8 37.Bc4 Qe7 38.Qxe7 Nxe7 39.Bf4 Nf5 40.Bd5 Kf8 41.Rc8 Ke7 42.Rc4 Ng7 43.Bxe4 Ne6 44.Be3 Nc7 45.d5 Nb5 46.Bf3 Kd7 47.a4 Nd6 48.Rc6 Nf5 1-0 code Game and short analyze on Lichess.org : []

=Exhibition Game= David Slate, David Cahlander and Larry Atkin behind  || code [Event "Exhibition game"] [Site "Toronto, Canada"] [Date "1977.08.09"] [Round "1"] [White "Kaissa"] [Black "Chess 4.6"] [Result "0-1"]
 * [[image:KaissaChess1977.jpg]] ||
 * Kaissa vs. Chess 4.6 exhibition game after the tournament, Mikhail Donskoy and Vladimir Arlazarov in front,

1.e4 Nc6 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 d5 4.Bd3 dxe4 5.Bxe4 Bd7 6.O-O Nf6 7.Re1 Nxe4 8.Rxe4 Be7 9.c4 f5 10.Re1 O-O 11.Nc3 f4 12.Qd3 Qe8 13.g3 fxg3 14.hxg3 Qf7 15.Bf4 g5 16.d5 exd5 17.Nxd5 gxf4 18.Nxe7+ Nxe7 19.Qxd7 Ng6 20.Qxf7+ Rxf7 21.g4 Rd7 22.Rad1 Rad8 23.Rxd7 Rxd7 24.Kg2 Kg7 25.Ng5 Rd2 26.Rb1 Rc2 27.b3 Ne5 28.Rh1 Rxa2 29.Rh4 Nd3 30.Nh3 Rb2 31.g5 Kg8 32.Nxf4 Rxf2+ 33.Kg3 Rxf4 34.Rxf4 Nxf4 35.Kxf4 Kf7 36.b4 Ke6 37.Ke4 a6 38.Kf4 Kd6 39.Ke4 c5 40.bxc5+ Kxc5 41.Kd3 a5 42.Kc3 a4 43.Kd3 Kb4 44.Kc2 Kxc4 0-1 {resigned} code

=See also=
 * ECCC 1976

=Publications=
 * [|Jim Kaplan] (**1977**). //[|Let's go, big beige machine!]// [|Sports Illustrated], August 22, 1977, Vol. 47, No. 8, p. 42
 * Barend Swets (**1977**). //Computers in de opmars//. Schakend Nederland 09-1977 (Dutch), [|pdf] hosted by Hein Veldhuis » Bs6676
 * Peter Jennings (**1978**). //[|The Second World Computer Chess Championships - Where KAISSA Founders on a Bug and CHESS 4.6 Conquers All]//. BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 1
 * Barend Swets, Editor (**1978**). //News on the Toronto Tournament//.Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 103
 * Editor (**1978**). //Tumult at the Toronto Tournament//.Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 98
 * Editor (**1978**). //Flashes from the Chess Wars//. Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 6, pp. 87
 * Editor (**1978**). //Cyber 176 tops Toronto Chess Tournament//. Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 7, pp. 79
 * Editor (**1978**). //Toronto Tournament Concludes//. Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 8, pp. 81
 * Editor (**1978**). //Toronto Tally//. Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 9, pp. 82 » Master, Duchess
 * Eric Hallsworth (**1999**) //The World Computer Chess Championship: No 2//. Selective Search 84, pp. 24, [|pdf] hosted by Mike Watters

=Forum Posts=
 * [|Looking for a position] by Aaron Tay, CCC, December 02, 2001

=External Links= > [|Footage excerpted] from [|Nova][|episode 0509]//The Mind Machines//, March 22, 1978, [|Frequency Video], Free video on archive.org : [] > media type="custom" key="26469688"
 * [|2nd World Computer Chess Championship] from the [|ICGA Tournament Database]
 * [|Schach-Programme holen auf], October 28, 1977, Computerwoche (German)
 * [|1977 World Computer Chess Championship, Toronto, Canada], The Computer History Museum

=References= =What links here?= include page="WCCC 1977" component="backlinks" limit="80"
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