TR-4

was a West-German digital general purpose [|mainframe computer] developed since 1956 and manufactured and shipped since 1962 by [|Telefunken] in [|Backnang] and later in [|Konstanz]. Developers include Gudrun Beyer, Wolfgang Händler, [|Hans-Otto Leilich], Kuno Radius, Egbert Ulbrich, Eike Jessen and Heinz Voigt. 36 TR-4 computers were manufactured and delivered mostly to West-German universities and public authorities and their associated data centers. || toc =Architecture= The computer had a word size of 52 bits, consisting of 48 data bits, 2 type bits (00 - floating point, 38 bit normalized mantissa, 01 - integer/fixed point, 10 - opcode 2x24 bit, 11 - 8 six bit text characters) and 2 bit checksum (Dreierprobe), checksum errors causing interrupts. ALU and registers were build in discrete transistor technique running at 2 MHz, main memory consists of up to 28,672 words of [|core memory] and 4096 words of semiconductor memory. Auxiliary storage were [|magnetic tapes], [|punched tapes] and [|cards], and [|disk drives]. The hard-wired [|micro-programmable] computer took 9 and 40 cycles for fixed and floating point addition respectively, and about 60 cycles (30µs) for a multiplication. ALU, instruction-, memory- and I/O units were able to work in parallel, controlled by a [|time-sharing] [|operating system], which also incorporates the machine instruction translators SUSA (TR4-Assembler) and TEXAS (Telefunken Externcode Assembler). Algol, Fortran and [|COBOL] compiler were available.
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 * [[image:tr4.jpg link="http://www.qslnet.de/member/dj4kw/tr4_1.jpg"]] ||~ || **TR-4** (TR4, Telefunken-Rechner 4),
 * TR-4 CPU Rack with [|Teletype] ||~ ||^ ||

> HR Help-Register > MD multiplicand register > AC Accumulator > ÜB Carry register > MQ Multiplier register || * Memory Unit (Speicher) > Sp1 Memory 1 > Sp2 Memory 2 > FSp Fixed Memory > X Index Memory >> (256 registers in core) > I/O registers > BA Address > BR Instruction register > BZ Instruction counter > MS Microprogram Control Unit || =Successor= In 1968, the TR4 was superseded by the ten times faster TR 440, which already had the first [|ball-based mouse] named.
 * [[image:TR4Registers.png]] ||
 * Four Register Units - VR (Verteiler register) distribution register ||
 * ALU (Rechenwerk)
 * ALU (Rechenwerk)
 * * I/O-Unit (E/A-Werk)
 * * I/O-Unit (E/A-Werk)
 * * Instruction Unit (Befehlswerk)

=Chess Programs=
 * Fischer-Schneider
 * Schach MV 5,6

=External Links=
 * [|TELEFUNKEN TR4 am Leibniz-Rechenzentrum 1965] by [|Gerd Sapper] (German, English)
 * [|TELEFUNKEN TR-4]
 * [|TR 440 from Wikipedia.de] (German)
 * [|Digitalrechner-Geschichte: TR4 auf www.dj1xk.de] (German)
 * [|Historie der Digitalrechner in Deutschland TR-4]
 * [|Index of /pdf/aeg-telefunken/tr4] from [|bitsavers.org]

=References= =What links here?= include page="TR-4" component="backlinks" limit="30"
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