Robert+W.+Howard

an Australian psychologist and lecturer at School of Education, [|University of New South Wales]. His research interests include [|individual differences], learning and memory, and [|motivation]. || toc =Rise of Human Intelligence?= Robert W. Howard studied how the chess ratings of top players escalated over decades, and he concluded that the entire world is just getting smarter. Ratings growth is preliminary evidence that “average human intelligence really is rising,” he wrote. Fernand Gobet et al. suggested that this explanation has several difficulties, showing that alternative explanations relating to changes in the chess environment, including increased access to chess knowledge, offer better explanations for the increased presence of young players at top-level chess. As pointed out by [|Andrew Soltis], in contrast to Howard's claim, Ken Regan has a more modest goal. He devised a new metric, Intrinsic Performance Rating (IPR), to measure the move quality of great players of the past using the Rybka program.
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 * [[image:howard01.jpg link="http://en.chessbase.com/post/survey-the-role-of-talent-and-training-in-che"]] ||~ || **Robert West Howard**,
 * Robert W. Howard ||~ ||^ ||

=Selected Publications=
 * Robert W. Howard (**1991**). //All about Intelligence: Human, Animal, and Artificial//. New South Wales University Press Ltd, [|amazon.com]
 * Robert W. Howard (**1995**). //Learning and Memory: Major Ideas, Principles, Issues and Applications//. Praeger, [|amazon.com]
 * Robert W. Howard (**1999**). //[|Preliminary Real-World Evidence That Average Human Intelligence Really is Rising]//. [|Intelligence], Vol. 27, No. 3
 * Fernand Gobet, Guillermo Campitelli, [|Andrew J. Waters] (**2002**). //Rise of human intelligence Comments on Howard (1999)//. [|Intelligence], Vol. 30
 * [|Trudy L. Cordes], Robert W. Howard (**2005**). //Concepts of Work, Leisure and Retirement in Adults with an Intellectual Disability//. Education and Training in Developmental Disabilities, Vol. 40, No. 2, pp. 99-108, [|pdf]
 * Robert W. Howard (**2009**). //[|Individual differences in expertise development over decades in a complex intellectual domain]//. Memory & Cognition, Vol. 37, No. 2
 * Robert W. Howard (**2011**). //[|Does high-level intellectual performance depend on practice alone? Debunking the Polgar sisters case]//. Cognitive Development, Vol. 26, No. 3

=External Links=
 * [|Survey: the role of talent and training in chess], ChessBase News, June 12, 2008
 * [|Survey: the role of talent and training in chess | Preliminary Results of FIDE Chess Survey] by Robert Howard, ChessBase News, November 24, 2008
 * [|Better than ever] by [|Andy Soltis], [|nypost.com], April 7, 2012
 * [|Better than ever] by [|Andy Soltis], [|Susan Polgar Chess Daily News and Information], April 7, 2012

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