Tempo


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 * [[image:TrtarrasByStiefel.jpg link="http://www.kaniaverlag.de/htm/tarrasch-verteidigung.html"]] ||~  || In chess, a **tempo** refers to a "turn" or single move. When a player achieves a result in one fewer move, he [|gains a tempo] and when he takes one more move than necessary he [|loses a tempo].

[|Tarrasch's] concept of force, space and time and their equivalence (to some extend) is considered by material (force), piece placement and center control (space) and roughly by mobility (space and time) inside the evaluation of a chess program. Whether gaining three tempos in a gambit opening is worth a pawn, is a matter of considering piece development and king safety issues related to center pawn structure (open/close, lever options) and castling abilities, f.i. estimating number of moves to castle, and certain long term deficiencies. Also, some programs better rely more or less on the opening book to play gambits well.

To avoid score oscillations on the [|parity] of the search depth, some programs give a small bonus for having the right to move - the premise being that it is usually advantageous to be able to do something, except in the zugzwang positions. That bonus is useful mainly in the opening and middle game positions, but can be counterproductive in the endgame. || toc =See also= > Score Oscillation
 * [|Tarrasch] by [|Frank Stiefel] ||~   ||^   ||
 * Development
 * Gambit
 * Mobility
 * Null Move Observation
 * Odd-Even Effect
 * Opening
 * Side to Move
 * Space
 * Standing Pat in Quiescence Search
 * Tempo (engine)
 * Transposition
 * Triangulation
 * Variable Null Move Bound
 * Zugzwang

=Forum Posts=

1997 ...

 * [|PROG: odd/even score alternance] by Rémi Coulom, rgcc, June 5, 1997
 * [|pv score oscillation] by Willie Wood, CCC, October 18, 1997

2000 ...

 * [|Bonus points for side to move in qsearch?] by Leen Ammeraal, CCC, January 06, 2001
 * [|Testposition - The Vital Tempo] by Sune Larsson, CCC, March 15, 2001
 * [|How to tune the bonus for having the move] by Don Dailey, CCC, June 01, 2008
 * [|Side to Move Bonus - does it help?] by Mark Lefler, CCC, May 29, 2009

2010 ...

 * [|Why works an oscillating TempoValue?] by Marek Kwiatkowski, CCC, January 21, 2011
 * [|stand pat or side to move bonus] by Larry Kaufman, CCC, March 22, 2012
 * [|First move advantage] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, June 19, 2013 » Opening
 * [|Symmetrical evaluation and endgame] by Hamfer, OpenChess Forum, June 02, 2016 » Asymmetric evaluation
 * [|side-to-move bonus for several eval terms] by Sander Maassen vd Brink, CCC, October 27, 2017

=External Links= > media type="youtube" key="bOU8f8gm83M"
 * [|Tempo (chess) from Wikipedia]
 * [|Tempo, a fundamental concept in chess] from [|chessguru.net]
 * Yamandu Costa - Tempo de [|Criança], 2003, [|YouTube] Video

=References= =What links here?= include page="Tempo" component="backlinks" limit="80"
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