Pawn+Structure


 * Home * Evaluation * Pawn Structure**
 * [[image:Elke_Rehder_Chess_Schach_Bauern_Pawns_Chain.jpg width="342" height="261" link="http://www.elke-rehder.de/Chess_Paintings.htm"]] ||~  || **Pawn structure** is a term used to describe the positions of all the pawns on the board, ignoring all other pieces. Pawn structure encompasses a broad range of ideas, from the general shape of the pawns (such as closed or open) to specific characteristics of individual pawns.

Full evaluation of pawn structure might be quite expensive. To speed up the evaluation, many programs use a separate pawn hash table, addressed by a special key derived from the pawn's (and possibly also king's) position. Since pawn structure changes rather slowly, hit rate for such table is typically above 95%. Anything strictly pawn related can be stored in this hash table, including pawn shield terms to be used dynamically for king safety. || toc =Standard Terms=
 * Elke Rehder, Chain of Pawns ||~  ||^   ||

Single Pawn

 * Backward Pawn
 * Candidate Passed Pawn
 * Doubled Pawn
 * Faker
 * Hidden Passed Pawn
 * Isolated Pawn
 * Passed Pawn
 * Sentry

Groups of Pawns

 * Blockage Detection
 * Hanging Pawns
 * Minority Attack
 * Pawn Chain
 * Pawn Islands
 * Pawn Majority

General

 * Holes
 * Pawn Center
 * Pawn Race
 * Weak Pawns

=Dependent on Pawn Structure= > Pawn Shield > Pawn Storm
 * Bad Bishop
 * Color Weakness
 * King Pawn Tropism
 * King Safety
 * Outposts
 * Rook on (semi) ppen file

=Hashing Pawns=
 * Pawn Hash Table

=See also=
 * CPW-Engine_eval
 * Pawn Pattern and Properties pawn structure aspects concerning bitboards
 * Pawn Levers (Bitboards)
 * Pawn Rams (Bitboards)
 * Strategy

=Publications=
 * Hans Kmoch (**1959, 1990**). //Pawn Power in Chess//. New York: Dover, 1990. Previous ed.: New York: McKay, 1959
 * Soei Tan (**1977**). //Describing Pawn Structures.// Advances in Computer Chess 1 pp. 74-88
 * Danny Kopec (**1977**). //Recent developments in computer chess//, in Firbush News 7 Edinburgh: Machine Intelligence Research Unit, University of Edinburgh (ed. D. Michie), [|pdg]
 * [|Michael Goeller] (**2007**). //Pawn Battle Rules and Strategies//.[|pdf]
 * Lyudmil Tsvetkov (**2017**). //Pawns//. [|amazon]

=Forum Posts=

2000 ...

 * [|how to detect information about pawn structure based on bitboard] by Uri Blass, CCC, December 17, 2002
 * [|pawn structure, pawn hash, square-of-pawn, pawn-races] by Stuart Cracraft, CCC, August 19, 2004

2010 ...

 * [|Double levers] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, June 11, 2014
 * [|Some more pawns] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, August 31, 2014

2015 ...

 * [|Binders] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 04, 2015
 * [|En passant bonus] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 10, 2015 » En passant
 * [|Pawn checks and center levers] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 11, 2015
 * [|Kind of backward] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 13, 2015
 * [|Double pawn push] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, February 14, 2015
 * [|Lever evaluation] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, May 01, 2015 » Pawn Levers (Bitboards)
 * [|Chain, duo, connected] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, May 02, 2015 » Pawn chain, Duo Trio Quart (Bitboards)
 * [|Some more pawns] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, May 03, 2015
 * [|Assorted tweaks] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, May 08, 2015
 * [|A possible new pawn structure evaluation term?] by Arpad Rusz, CCC, October 15, 2015

=External Links=
 * [|Pawn structure from Wikipedia], pattern of common [|chess openings]
 * [|Positional Play : Pawn Structure] by Mark Weeks

=References= =What links here?= include page="Pawn Structure" component="backlinks" limit="300"
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