Mikhail+Botvinnik

was a Russian chess [|Grandmaster], three-time [|World Chess Champion] from [|1948] to [|1957], [|1958] to [|1960], and [|1961] to [|1963], and a Doctor of Technical Sciences. Botvinnik’s interest in Computer Chess started in the 50s, favouring chess algorithms based on Shannon's selective type B strategy, as discussed along with Max Euwe 1958 in Dutch Television. Botvinnik served as a consultant to Soviet computer chess developers who developed the ITEP Chess Program at [|Moscow's] Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics (ITEP) which won a correspondence chess match against the Kotok-McCarthy-Program led by John McCarthy in 1967. Later he advised the team that created the chess program Kaissa at Moscow’s Institute of Control Sciences.
 * Home * People * Mikhail Botvinnik**
 * [[image:Mikhail_Botvinnik_1962.jpg link="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Mikhail_Botvinnik_1962.jpg"]] ||~  || **Mikhail Moiseyevich Botvinnik**, (Михаил Ботвинник, August 17, 1911 – May 5, 1995)

However, Botvinnik had his own ideas to model a Chess Master's Mind. After publishing and discussing his early ideas on attack maps and trajectories at [|Moscow Central Chess Club] in 1966, with the skeptical Georgy Adelson-Velsky and others attending, he found Vladimir Butenko as supporter and collaborator. Butenko first implemented the 15x15 vector attacks board representation on a M-20 computer, determining trajectories. After Botvinnik introduced the concept of Zones in 1970, Butenko refused further cooperation and began to write his own program. || toc =Pioneer= In the 70s and 80s, leading a team around Boris Stilman, Alexander Yudin, Alexander Reznitskiy, Michael Tsfasman and Mikhail Chudakov, Botvinnik worked on his own project Pioneer. The research and work on Pioneer took place at the //State Committee for Science and Technology//, [|Moscow], [|USSR], the //National Research Institute for Electrical Engineering//, Moscow, USSR and the [|USSR Academy of Sciences], Moscow, USSR. Short time visits with Stilman and Yudin took place in 1978 at [|University of Mannheim], Germany, and the University of Dortmund, Germany, as well at [|Control Data Corp.], USA. Based on this research, Boris Stilman coined the term Linguistic Geometry, a new type of game theory. Botvinnik published Pioneer's abilities on selected positions, but it never played a public complete game of chess.
 * Mikhail Botvinnik ||~  ||^   ||

=CC Sapiens= In the 90s, Botvinnik already in his 80s, he worked on the new project CC Sapiens, in collaboration with Vasily Vladimirov, Evgeniĭ Dmitrievich Cherevik and Vitaly Vygodsky. For his publication //Three Positions//, Botvinnik was criticized by Hans Berliner    , and his old chess rival David Bronstein.

=Photos=
 * [[image:3-3.Botvinnik.McGill_University_Lecture.Montreal.1977.102645344.NEWBORN.lg.jpg width="580" height="462" link="http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/still-image/Chess_temporary/still-image/"]] ||
 * Botvinnik's Lecture at McGill University 1977 - any questions? Monty Newborn left ||
 * [[image:Beal_Thompson_Newborn_Botvinnik_WCCC_New_York_1983.jpg width="580" height="423" link="http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=stl-430b9bbe3f6f0"]] ||
 * Don Beal, Ken Thompson, Monty Newborn, and Mikhail Botvinnik, WCCC 1983 ||
 * [[image:3-1_and_3-3.Reshevsky_Fine_Botvinnik.WCCC_4.New_York.1983.102645351.NEWBORN.jpg width="580" height="769" link="http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/still-image/Chess_temporary/still-image/"]] ||
 * [|Samuel Reshevsky], [|Reuben Fine] and Mikhail Botvinnik, WCCC 1983 ||
 * [[image:3-1_and_3-3.Reshevsky_Fine_Botvinnik.WCCC_4.New_York.1983.102645351.NEWBORN.jpg width="580" height="769" link="http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/still-image/Chess_temporary/still-image/"]] ||
 * [|Samuel Reshevsky], [|Reuben Fine] and Mikhail Botvinnik, WCCC 1983 ||

=See also=
 * History of Computer Chess
 * Botvinnik-Markoff Extension

=Publications=

Computer Chess

 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1968**). //Algoritm igry v shakhmaty//. (The algorithm of chess)
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1970**). //[|Computers, Chess and Long-Range Planning]//. [|Springer], [|reviews from goodreads]
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1975**). //O Kiberneticheskoi Celi Igri//. (On the Cybernetic Goal of Games), Soviet Radio, Moscow
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1979**). //O Reshenii Netochnih Prebornih Zadach//. (On Solving Inexact Search Problems), Soviet Radio, Moscow
 * Mikhail Botvinnik, Boris Stilman, Alexander Yudin, Alexander Reznitskiy, Michael Tsfasman (**1980**). //Thinking of Man and Computer//, Proc. of the Second International Meeting on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1-9, Repino, Leningrad, Russia.
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1982**). //Decision Making and Computers.// Advances in Computer Chess 3
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1982**). //Meine neuen Ideen zur Schachprogrammierung//. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. [|amazon.de] (German)
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1984**). //[|Computers in Chess: Solving Inexact Search Problems]//. [|Springer]
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1983**). //The Game of Chess: Its past, present and future//. ICCA Journal, Vol. 6, No. 3
 * Mikhail Botvinnik (**1993**). //Three Positions//. ICCA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2 » Réti Endgame Study
 * Mikhail Botvinnik, Evgeniĭ Dmitrievich Cherevik, Vasily Vladimirov, Vitaly Vygodsky (**1994**). //[|Solving Shannon's Problem: Ways and Means]//. Advances in Computer Chess 7
 * Marty Hirsch (**1995**). //Botwinnik und die Schachprogrammierung//. Computerschach und Spiele, June-July 1995 (German)

Misc

 * Bob Herschberg, Jaap van den Herik (**1995**). //Mikhail Moiseivich Botvinnik: An Obituary//. ICCA Journal, Vol. 18, No. 2
 * Monroe Newborn (**1995**). //A Eulogy for Mikhail Moiseivich Botvinnik//. ICCA Journal, Vol. 18, No. 2
 * Jan van Reek (**1998**). //Michail Botwinnik. Schaakspelers als Eindspelkunstenaars//. Deel 7. Stichting Eindspel, [|Margraten]. ISBN 90-74827-37-3
 * [|Michael A. Hudson] (**2013**). //Storming Fortresses: A Political History of Chess in the Soviet Union, 1917-1948//. Ph.D. thesis, University of California, Santa Cruz, [|eScholarship], Chapter Ten - Botvinnik: The New Soviet (Chess)Man

=Forum Posts= > [|Re: Botvinnik article] by Peter Gillgasch, rgcc, October 23, 1996 > [|Re: Botvinnik article] by Marc-François Baudot, rgcc, November 07, 1996 » Advances in Computer Chess 7
 * [|Kasparov missed Beautiful win; Botvinnik's Program muffs analysis] by Hans Berliner, rec.games.chess, July 9, 1993
 * [|Botvinnik article] by Jonathan Schaeffer, rgcc, October 23, 1996
 * [|Botvinniks Chess Algorithm ??] by Bruce Moreland, rgcc, October 05, 1997
 * [|Kaissa & Botvinik] by Shay Bushinsky, rgcc, October 16, 1997
 * [|What is Botvinnik's legacy to computer chess?] by Drazen Marovic, CCC, February 20, 2000
 * [|"The Tale of a Small Tree" by M.M.Botvinnik [fragment]] by José Antônio Fabiano Mendes, CCC, March 09, 2000 » Réti Endgame Study
 * [|М. Ботвинник. Проект "ПИОНЕР"] by Kashchey the Deathless, immortalchess, March 10, 2010, ([|Botvinnik. The "Pioneer"] translated by [|Google_Translate])
 * [|Botvinnik mastery] by Lyudmil Tsvetkov, CCC, August 09, 2013

=External Links= > [|Энциклопедия шахмат - Ботвинник] В.Линдер, И.Линдер, [|The Encyclopedia of Chess - Botvinnik] B. Linder, J. Linder > [|По стопам ПИОНЕРа], [|In the footsteps of Pioneer] > media type="youtube" key="N6Rc2UMLdnY" width="560" > media type="youtube" key="wS6dh03Osoc" width="560" > media type="youtube" key="ghgJFhZn2HQ" width="560" > media type="youtube" key="fmQ1syCpuEY"
 * [|Mikhail Botvinnik from Wikipedia]
 * [|Лингвистическая Геометрия] Бориса Штильмана, [|Linguistic Geometry] Boris Stilman by Alexander Timofeev ([|Google Translate])
 * [|Mikhail Botvinnik] – [|Russiapedia]
 * [|The chess games of Mikhail Botvinnik] from [|chessgames.com]
 * [|Mikhail Botvinnik] from The Computer History Museum
 * [|Über Stand und Entwicklung seines Computer-Schachprogramms "Pionier" referierte Prof. Michael Botwinnik (67), UdSSR, auf einer einwöchigen Vortragsreise durch die Bundesrepublik], April 04, 1978, Computerwoche 15/1978 (German)
 * [|The wrong bishop – part two] by Frederic Friedel, ChessBase News, May 22, 2016 » Cray Blitz, WCCC 1983, Wrong color Bishop and rook pawn
 * Михаил Ботвинник. Осень шахматиста (1990), [|YouTube] Videos

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