Root

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The **Root** of the Search Tree is the initial position of the search. Many programmers dedicate a separate function for doing a root search, since using a different move ordering scheme may be beneficial. Also root search must return not only the value, but also the move which will be played. This in turn may require special care in case of a fail-low when using aspiration window. This is typically where the time management decisions are beneficial.

=See also=
 * Conspiracy Numbers
 * Fail-Low
 * Iterative Deepening
 * Multi-PV
 * Oracle
 * Piece-Square Tables - Pre-processing
 * Scoring Root Moves by Ronald de Man
 * Time Management

=Forum Posts=

1997 ...
> [|Re: computer chess "oracle" ideas...] by Ronald de Man, rgcc, April 3, 1997 > [|Re: computer chess "oracle" ideas...] by Ronald de Man, rgcc, April 7, 1997
 * [|computer chess "oracle" ideas...] by Robert Hyatt, rgcc, April 1, 1997
 * [|Failing low at the root] by Guido Schimmels, CCC, August 03, 1998
 * [|Question: Fail High then Low at Root] by William Bryant, CCC, December 28, 1999 » Fail-High, Fail-Low, Search Instability

2000 ...
> [|Re: Root move and incomplete iteration] by Robert Hyatt, CCC, December 11, 2000
 * [|Can we use hash table at root?] by Tim, CCC, January 31, 2000 » Transposition Table
 * [|Question: Fail low at root and time management] by William Bryant, CCC, February 08, 2000 » Fail-Low, Time Management
 * [|Root move and incomplete iteration] by Frank Phillips, CCC, December 11, 2000
 * [|What means lazy/plain alpha bounding?] by Severi Salminen, CCC, February 06, 2001 » Fail-High

2005 ...

 * [|Even more search questions] by Sven Schüle, Winboard Forum, July 17, 2007 » Iterative Deepening

2010 ...

 * [|Root node search] by Onno Garms, CCC, March 13, 2011 » Onno
 * [|Root node search in Stockfish] by Onno Garms, CCC, June 12, 2011 » Stockfish
 * [|A few general questions...] by Bill Henry, CCC, January 29, 2012 » Exact Score, Aspiration Windows
 * [|Pruning in PV nodes] by Sergei S. Markoff, CCC, January 14, 2014 » Reductions, Node Types
 * [|Solving a fail low situation at the root] by Alberto Sanjuan, CCC, November 03, 2014 » Aspiration Windows, Fail-Low

2015 ...

 * [|Ordering of Root moves and search instability !] by Mahmoud Uthman, CCC, October 26, 2015 » Move Ordering, Search Instability
 * [|Root search] by Laurie Tunnicliffe, CCC, September 08, 2016

=External Links= > media type="custom" key="24867758"
 * [|Root from Wikipedia]
 * [|Root (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]
 * Ian Carr's [|Nucleus] - [|Roots], 1973, [|YouTube] Video

=What links here?= include page="Root" component="backlinks" limit="100"
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