John+von+Neumann

a Hungarian-born American mathematician. Beside his contributions in a vast range of fields, he was a pioneer in [|game-theory] and computer science and specially noted for the computer architecture with a single storage for instructions and data.
 * Home * People * John von Neumann**
 * [[image:JvNeumann.jpg link="http://www.atomicarchive.com/Bios/vonNeumannPhoto.shtml"]] ||~  || **John von Neumann**, (December 28, 1903 – February 8, 1957)

John von Neumann classified chess as two-player [|zero-sum] game with [|perfect information] and proved the minimax theorem in 1928. Since 1943 von Neumann was member of the [|Manhattan Project] at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. In the early fifties von Neumann developed the [|MANIAC I] computer. A group around Stanislaw Ulam, Paul Stein, Mark Wells and John Pasta developed the MANIAC I chess program, which could play [|Los Alamos chess]. || toc =See also=
 * John von Neumann ||~ ||^ ||
 * Games
 * History of Computer Chess
 * Nils Barricelli - The Birth of the Computer

=Selected Publications=

1920 ...

 * John von Neumann (**1923**). //Zur Einführung der transfiniten Zahlen//. Acta litt. Acad. Sc. Szeged, English translation by Jean van Heijenoort (**1963**). //On the introduction of transfinite numbers//. in //[|From Frege to Godel: A Source Book in Mathematical Logic, 1879-1931]//. [|Harvard University Press]
 * John von Neumann (**1925**). //[|Eine Axiomatisierung der Mengenlehre]//. [|Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik], Band 154, English translation by Jean van Heijenoort (**1963**). //[|An Axiomatisation of Set Theory]//. in //[|From Frege to Godel: A Source Book in Mathematical Logic, 1879-1931]//. [|Harvard University Press]
 * John von Neumann (**1928**). //[|Zur Theorie der Gesellschaftsspiele]//. [|Mathematische Annalen], Vol. 100

1930 ...

 * John von Neumann (**1932**). //[|Mathematische Grundlagen der Quantenmechanik]//. [|Springer], English translation by [|Robert T. Beyer] (**1955**). //[|Mathematical Foundations of Quantum Mechanics]//. [|Princeton University Press]

1940 ...

 * John von Neumann, [|Oskar Morgenstern] (**1944**). //[|Theory of Games and Economic Behavior]//. [|Princeton University Press]
 * John von Neumann (**1945**). //[|First Draft of a Report on the EDVAC]//. [|pdf], introduction by [|Michael D. Godfrey] (**1993, 2011**). IEEE Annals of the History of Computing

1950 ...
> Harold W. Kuhn, Albert W. Tucker (eds) (**1950**). //[|Contributions to the Theory of Games I]//. [|Princeton University Press] > Harold W. Kuhn, Albert W. Tucker (eds) (**1953**). //[|Contributions to the Theory of Games II]//. [|Princeton University Press] > Harold W. Kuhn, Albert W. Tucker (eds) (**1953**). //[|Contributions to the Theory of Games II]//. [|Princeton University Press]
 * [|George W. Brown], John von Neumann (**1950**). //Solutions of Games by Differential Equations//. in
 * John von Neumann (**1951**). //Various Techniques used in Connection with Random Digits//. in A.S. Householder, G.E. Forsythe, and [|H.H. Germond], eds., //Monte Carlo Method//. National Bureau of Standards Applied Mathematics Series, Vol. 12, No. 1, [|pdf]
 * Émile Borel, Maurice R. Fréchet, John von Neumann (**1953**). //Discussion of the Early History of the Theory of Games, with Special Reference to the Minimax Theorem//. [|Econometrica], Vol. 21, 97-127
 * John von Neumann (**1953**). //A Certain Zero-sum Two-person Game Equivalent to the Optimal Assignment Problem//. in
 * Donald B. Gillies, John P. Mayberry, John von Neumann (**1953**). //Two Variants of Poker//. in

1955 ...
> Claude Shannon, John McCarthy (eds.) (**1956**). //Automata Studies//. [|Annals of Mathematics Studies], No. 34, pp. 43–98, [|pdf]
 * John von Neumann (**1956**). //Probabilistic Logic and the Synthesis of Reliable Organisms From Unreliable Components//. in
 * Harold W. Kuhn, Albert W. Tucker (**1958**). //[|John von Neumann's work in the theory of games and mathematical economics]//. [|Bulletin American Mathematical Sociaty] Vol. 64, No. 3, [|pdf]
 * John von Neumann (**1958, 2000**). //[|The Computer and the Brain]//. [|Second Edition] from [|amazon.com]

1960 ...

 * John von Neumann (**1963**). //Various techniques used in connection with random digits//. von Neumann's Collected Works, Vol. 5, [|Pergamon Press], [|pdf] » Pseudorandom Number Generator
 * John von Neumann (**1966**). //[|Theory of self-reproducing automata]//. edited by Arthur W. Burks, [|pdf]

2000 ...

 * Alexander Reinefeld (**2005**). //Die Entwicklung der Spielprogrammierung: Von John von Neumann bis zu den hochparallelen Schachmaschinen//. [|slides as pdf], Themen der Informatik im historischen Kontext Ringvorlesung an der [|HU Berlin], 02.06.2005 (English paper, German title)
 * [|Robert Leonard] (**2006**). //From Chess to Catastrophe: Psychology, Politics and the Genesis of von Neumann’s Game Theory//. CIRST, [|Université du Québec à Montréal], [|pdf]
 * [|Robert Leonard] (**2007**). //New Light on von Neumann: politics, psychology and the creation of game theory//. [|pdf]
 * [|Joseph F. Grcar] (**2007**). //John von Neumann and the Origins of Scientific Computing//. [|pdf]

2010 ...

 * [|Robert Leonard] (**2010**). //[|Von Neumann, Morgenstern, and the Creation of Game Theory - From Chess to Social Science, 1900–1960]//. [|Cambridge University Press]
 * [|B. Jack Copeland], [|Diane Proudfoot] (**2011-2012**). //[|Turing, Father of the Modern Computer]//. [|The Rutherford Journal - The New Zealand Journal for the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology], Vol. 4 » with photos of Alan Turing, John von Neumann, Dietrich Prinz, Christopher Strachey, Jack Good, Arthur Samuel, Herbert Simon, Allen Newell, ...

=External Links= > media type="youtube" key="M-rog3vj1Gk"
 * [|John von Neumann from Wikipedia]
 * [|John von Neumann - Wikiquote]
 * [|The Mathematics Genealogy Project - John (Janos) von Neumann]
 * [|John von Neumann] from the [|Atomic Archive]
 * [|John von Neumann] from the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum
 * [|John Louis von Neumann] © [|J. A. N. Lee], 1994-2002.
 * [|Von Neumann architecture from Wikipedia]
 * [|Von Neumann neighborhood from Wikipedia] » Manhattan-Distance
 * [|Von Neumann programming languages from Wikipedia]
 * [|MANIAC I - Mensch, Los Alamos, 1956]
 * [|Proof by Erasure - The Life of John von Neumann], Feature Script by [|Constanze Kurz], [|Hörspiel-Werkstatt]
 * John von Neumann, A Documentary, 1966, [|Mathematical Association of America], [|YouTube] Video

=References= =What links here?= include page="John von Neumann" component="backlinks" limit="80"
 * Up one level**