Max+Euwe

was a Dutch psychologist, mathematician, mathematics teacher, computer scientist and chess [|Grandmaster], who was the fifth [|World Chess Champion] from 1935 until 1937. He served as third President of the FIDE from 1970 to 1978.
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 * [[image:Max_Euwe_1963.jpg link="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Max_Euwe_1963.jpg/186px-Max_Euwe_1963.jpg"]] ||~  || **Machgielis (Max) Euwe**, (May 20, 1901 – November 26, 1981)

As friend of Adriaan de Groot, Euwe supported him in his cognitive experiments, and actively took part. He also encouraged other [|AVRO 1938 chess tournament] players, such as [|Alekhine], [|Fine], [|Flohr], and [|Keres] to participate as well. During the [|German Occupation of the Netherlands] in [|World War II], Euwe was director of //Van Amerongen//, a food trader, and could arrange food transports on behalf of the [|Dutch resistance] in [|Amsterdam]. || toc =Photos=
 * Max Euwe ||~  ||^   ||

World Chess Championship 1948

 * [[image:interregnum11.jpg width="580" height="383" link="http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/extra/interregnum.html"]] ||
 * Euwe, [|Smyslov], [|Keres], Botvinnik, [|Reshevsky], [|World Chess Championship 1948] ||

Euwe and Botvinnik
 =Prouhet–Thue–Morse Sequence= In 1929 Euwe wrote a paper about set-theoretic aspects of chess, where he re-discovered the [|Prouhet–Thue–Morse sequence]
 * [[image:cn5613_euwebotvinnik.jpg width="580" height="379" link="http://www.chesshistory.com/winter/winter47.html#5612._Chess_literature_in_Hellenic"]] ||
 * Max Euwe and Mikhail Botvinnik ||

math 01101001100101101001011001101001... math

in an application of chess proving infinity of games under one certain rule at that time ... ... which did not comprise a repetition of the three same moves. It had always been the intention of the rules that this should not be possible, but the rule that a game is a draw if the same sequence of moves occurs three times in succession was not sufficient, as demonstrated by Euwe, f. i. with following move indices : code 0:  Nb1-c3   Nb8-c6   Nc3-b1   Nc6-b8 1:  Ng1-f3   Ng8-f6   Nf3-g1   Nf6-g8 code

The Prouhet–Thue–Morse sequence is the sequence t satisfying for all positive integers n. code t[0]   = 0 t[2n]  = t[n] t[2n+1] = 1 - t[n] code


 * [[image:ProuhetThueMorseSequence.JPG width="411" height="393"]] ||
 * Prouhet–Thue–Morse Sequence 0x6996966996696996 as Bitboard ||
 * [[image:Morse-Thue_sequence.gif link="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thue%E2%80%93Morse_sequence"]] ||

=Computer Science= In 1956, Euwe became involved with computers. He joined [|Remington Rand’s] computer department as a scientific advisor. In 1959 he became the director of the Research Center for [|Automatic Data Processing] in the Netherlands. Euwe was appointed professor in [|Informatics] - the forerunner of today’s Computer Science - at the [|Universities of Rotterdam] and Tilburg in 1964. In 1976 he was appointed as professor in [|Cybernetics] at the University of [|Manternach] in [|Luxembourg]. Influenced by the ideas of De Groot, Euwe was also very interested in computer chess and researched on the topic, the simulation of human-like, fallible player in the 60s under the auspices of [|Euratom] agency. In 1980, Euwe was co-founder of the CSVN, the Dutch Computer Chess Federation.

=Euratom= An AI-effort in [|machine translation] and on developing a computer chess program in the "human style" was conducted under the auspices of [|Euratom] agency in the 60s in the spirit of its President [|Étienne Hirsch] and a team around Max Euwe, Adriaan de Groot, [|François Lionnais], Claude Berge and [|Marcel Barzin] :

=CSVN= Max Euwe's greeting at the foundation of the CSVN, the Dutch Computer Chess Federation :

|| =Max Euweplein= In [|Amsterdam] is a [|Max Euweplein]  (square) (near [|Leidseplein]) in remembrance of Max Euwe - with a large chess board and pieces and statue of Max Euwe. The 'Max Euwe Foundation' located there has a [|Max Euwe museum] and a large [|collection of chess books]. During the WCCC 2007 in Amsterdam some participants visited Max Euweplein. Vincent Diepeveen and Johannes Zwanzger couldn't resist to play a fast game on the large board.
 * [[image:Max_Euwebeeld.jpg width="255" height="340" link="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Max_Euwe"]] ||~  || media type="youtube" key="Noul9tCjOyg?rel=0" height="344" width="425" ||
 * Max Euwe sculpture ||~  || Max Euwe Schaakfestival, Amsterdam 2007, [|YouTube] Video ||

=Selected Publications= > >
 * [|H.J. den Hertog], Max Euwe (**1927**). //Praktische schaaklessen. III.// Van Goor, Gouda.
 * [|H.J. den Hertog], Max Euwe (**1928**). //Praktische schaaklessen. IV.// Van Goor, Gouda.
 * Max Euwe (**1929**). //Mengentheoretische Betrachtungen über das Schachspiel//. Proc. Konin. Akad. Wetenschappen (Amsterdam)
 * Max Euwe (**1931**). //De Fundamenten van het Schaakspel//. W.P. van Stockum & Zoon, Den Haag.
 * v (**1935**). //Strategie en Taktiek in het Schaakspel//. W.P. van Stockum & zoon n.v., Den Haag.
 * Max Euwe, Hans Kmoch (**1948**). //Staunton-Turnier Groningen 1946//, from [|Wernis Schachlade]
 * Max Euwe (**1950**). //Het Eindspel, No. 5. Stukken tegen Stukken II//. 2e druk. G.B. van Goor Zonen Uitgeversmaatschappij B.V., Den Haag, Batavia.
 * Max Euwe (**1952**). //Oordeel en plan: het denkproces in het schaken//.
 * Max Euwe (**1953**). //Judgment and Planning in Chess//. McKay Company, New York, N.Y.
 * Max Euwe, [|Walter Meiden] (**1963**). //Meester tegen amateur//.
 * Max Euwe (**1970**). //Feldherrnkunst im Schach//. Walter de Gruyter & Co., Berlin.
 * Max Euwe (**1973**). //Oordeel en Plan: de strategie van het schaakspel//. Van Goor Zonen, Den Haag. ISBN 90-00-01577-4.
 * Max Euwe, [|Hans Kramer] (**1977**). //Het middenspel, deel 1-4//. Spectrum, Utrecht.
 * Max Euwe, [|Walter Meiden] (**1977**). //Chess master vs. chess master//.
 * Max Euwe (**1982**). //The Logical Approach to Chess//. Dover Publications Inc. New York, N.Y. ISBN 0486243532.
 * Max Euwe, [|Walter Meiden] (**1982**). //Meester tegen meester, deel 1//
 * Max Euwe, [|Walter Meiden] (**1982**). //Meester tegen meester, deel 2//
 * Max Euwe, [|Walter Meiden] (**1983**). //Amateur wordt meester//.
 * Jan van Reek (**1997**). //Max Euwe - praktische strategie//. STES, [|Margraten]. ISBN 90-74827-32-2
 * Jan van Reek (**1997**). //Strategisch denken. 64 partijen van Euwe//. STES, [|Margraten]. ISBN 90-74827-31-4
 * [|Alexander Münninghoff] (**2001**). //[|Max Euwe - The Biography]//. [|New in Chess], ISBN: 90.5691.079.5

=External Links= > [|Biography - Max Euwe chesstournament] > [|Paul van der Sterren on Max Euwe - Max Euwe chesstournament] » [|Paul van der Sterren] > [|Lectures - Max Euwe chesstournament] » Jos Uiterwijk on Euwe > media type="youtube" key="efVRHGkPefU"
 * [|Max Euwe from Wikipedia]
 * [|Max Euwe Centrum]
 * [|Max Euwe Centrum - Max Euwe - Fotogalerij]
 * [|Max Euwe Centrum - Nieuwsbrief nummer 74] (pdf) (Dutch)
 * [|Euwe biography] by [|J.J. O'Connor] and [|E.F. Robertson], 2003
 * [|The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Machgielis Euwe]
 * [|Cyber Heroes of the past: Max Euwe] by [|Wobbe Vegter], 2007
 * [|The chess games of Max Euwe] from [|chessgames.com]
 * [|Remembering Max Euwe] (pdf) by [|Genna Sosonko] on the 100th anniversary of Euwe's birth, from [|ChessCafe.com]
 * [|Max Euwe chesstournament], November 13-20, 2011
 * [|The Max Euwe Center in peril] by Frederic Friedel, ChessBase News, August 13, 2015
 * Max Euwe Wereldkampioen Schaken 1935, [|YouTube] Video

=References= =What links here?= include page="Max Euwe" component="backlinks" limit="50"
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