Home * People * Ingo Althöfer

		Ingo Althöfer, a German mathematician, computer scientist, game researcher, game inventor, and full professor at Faculy for Mathematics and Computer Science [1], Friedrich Schiller University of Jena [2]. Ingo Althöfer's professional as well as private research interests cover a broad range of AI-issues, search algorithms, evaluation, creating and inventing new, interesting games such as EinStein würfelt nicht! [3] [4] , and triple-brain (3-Hirn) (two- or k-best mode, where an arbiter instance choses from the best moves provided by one or more chess-programs) [5] [6]. 3-Hirn has become a "brand name" for books, games and software, distributed by Ingo's small publishing company 3-Hirn-Verlag.
Ingo Althöfer [7]

Photos

Chess960CWC 2005

Chess960CWC 2005: Peter Svidler, Arbiter Ingo Althöfer and Roland Pfister [8]

Tilburg 2011

Ingo Althöfer and Richard J. Lorentz playing EinStein würfelt nicht! at the 16th Computer Olympiad, 2011 [9]

3-Hirn's Motto

By Christian Posthoff and Günter Reinemann 1987 ^{[10] [11]} :
Nicht
Der Mensch kann, aber die Maschine nicht...
oder
Der Mensch kann nicht, aber die Maschine kann...
sondern
Der Mensch kann, aber Mensch und Maschine zusammen können (viel mehr).


Not
Humans can, but machine can not...
or
Humans cannot, but machine can...
but
Humans can, but humans and machine together can (much more).

Selected Publications

^{[12] [13] [14]}

1985 ...

• Ingo Althöfer (1985). Das 3-Hirn - Entscheidungsteilung im Schach. Computerschach und Spiele, pp. 20-22.
• Ingo Althöfer (1986). Asymptotic Properties of Certain Competition Systems in Artificial Intelligence and Ecology. Ph.D. thesis, University of Bielefeld, advisor Rudolf Ahlswede ^[15]
• Ingo Althöfer (1988). Das 3-Hirn-Konzept. MODUL, pp. 42-46
• Ingo Althöfer (1988). Root Evaluation Errors: How they Arise and Propagate. ICCA Journal, Vol. 11, Nos. 2/3
• Ingo Althöfer (1988). On the Complexity of Searching Game Trees and Other Recursion Trees. Journal of Algorithms, Vol. 9, No. 4
• Ingo Althöfer (1989). An Incremental Negamax Algorithm. Advances in Computer Chess 5
• Ingo Althöfer (1989). Generalized Minimax Algorithms are no Better Error Correctors than Minimax Itself. Advances in Computer Chess 5
• Ingo Althöfer (1989). Retrograde Analysis and two Computerizable Definitions of the Quality of Chess Games. ICCA Journal, Vol. 12, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer (1989). A Summary of some Results in Theoretical Game Tree Search and the 'Dreihirn'-Experiment. Workshop on New Directions in Game-Tree Search

1990 ...

• Ingo Althöfer (1990). Compressing Chess Games with the Help of a fast Deterministic Chess Program. ICCA Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4
• Ingo Althöfer, Klaus-Uwe Koschnick (1991). On the convergence of “Threshold Accepting”. Applied Mathematics and Optimization, Vol. 24, No. 1 » Simulated Annealing
• Ingo Althöfer (1991). On pathology in game tree and other recursion tree models. Habilitation Thesis (June 1991), Faculty of Mathematics, University of Bielefeld.
• Ingo Althöfer (1991). An Additive Evaluation Function in Chess. ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 3
• Ingo Althöfer (1991). Selective trees and majority systems: two experiments with commercial chess computers. Advances in Computer Chess 6
• Ingo Althöfer (1991): Data compression using an intelligent generator: The storage of chess games as an example. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 52, No. 1
• Rudolf Ahlswede, Ingo Althöfer (1991). The Asymptotic Behaviour of Diameters in the Average. University of Bielefeld, zipped ps
• Ingo Althöfer, Torsten Sillke (1992). An "Average Distance" Inequality for Subsets of the Cube. Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B, Vol. 56
• Ingo Althöfer (1992). On Asymmetries in Chess Programs. ICCA Journal, Vol. 15, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (1992). Move Ordering by Time Ordering. Correspondence, ICCA Journal, Vol. 15, No. 2 » Root Move Ordering
• Ingo Althöfer, Bernhard Balkenhol (1992). A Game Tree with Distinct Leaf Values which is Easy for the Alpha-Beta Algorithm. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 52, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer (1993). A Parallel Game Tree Search Algorithm with a Linear Speedup. Journal of Algorithms, Vol. 15, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer (1993). Das 3-Hirn - Eine Zwischenbilanz. Computerschach und Spiele
• Ingo Althöfer (1993). On Telescoping Linear Evaluation Functions. ICCA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 2 ^[16]
• Ingo Althöfer, Klaus-Uwe Koschnick (1993). On the Deterministic Complexity of Searching Local Maxima. Discrete Applied Mathematics, Vol. 43, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer, Chrilly Donninger, Ulf Lorenz, Valentin Rottmann (1994). On Timing, Permanent Brain and Human Intervention. Advances in Computer Chess 7
• Ingo Althöfer, Bernhard Walter (1994). Weak Zugzwang: Statistics on some Chess Endgames. ICCA Journal, Vol. 17, No. 2

1995 ...

• Ingo Althöfer, Imre Leader (1995). Correlation of Boolean Functions and Pathology in Recursion Trees. SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics, Vol. 8, No. 4
• Ingo Althöfer (1996). Doppelfritz mit Chef. Computerschach und Spiele, October. pp. 33-36
• Ingo Althöfer (1996). Meine Geschichte mit dem Mehrvarianten-Modus. Computerschach und Spiele. December, p. 56.
• Ingo Althöfer (1997). A Symbiosis of Man and Machine Beats Grandmaster Timoshchenko. ICCA Journal, Vol. 20, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (1997). On the k-best Mode in Computer Chess: Measuring the Similarity of Move Proposals. ICCA Journal, Vol. 20, No. 3
• Ingo Althöfer (1998). LIST-3-HIRN vs. Grandmaster Yusupov. - A Report on a Very Experimental Match, Part I: The Games. ICCA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (1998). 13 Jahre 3-Hirn – Meine Schach-Experimente mit Mensch-Maschinen-Kombinationen. ISBN 3-00-003100-6. ^[17]
• Ingo Althöfer (1999). Advanced Shuffle Chess with Technical Improvements. ICCA Journal, Vol. 22, No. 4

2000 ...

• Ingo Althöfer, Ning Cai, Gunter Dueck, Levon Khachatrian, Mark S. Pinsker, András Sárközy, Ingo Wegener, Zhen Zhang (Eds.) (2000). Numbers, Information and Complexity. 50 articles in honour of Rudolf Ahlswede, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston
• Ingo Althöfer (2000). A One-Sided Advanced Chess Match. Part 1: The Games. ICGA Journal, Vol. 23, No. 3
• Ingo Althöfer (2001). Grandmaster Chess with one-sided Computer Help. ICGA Journal, Vol. 24, No.4
• Ingo Althöfer (2002). Clobber – A New Game with Very Simple Rules. ICGA Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer (2002). Inventing Game Variants with Computer Help. 7th Computer Olympiad Workshop
• Ingo Althöfer, Raymond Georg Snatzke (2002). Playing Games with Multiple Choice Systems. CG 2002
• Ingo Althöfer (2003). A 20-Choice Experiment in Go for Human+Computer. ICGA Journal, Vol. 26, No. 2
• Ingo Althöfer, Jens Lieberum, Johan de Koning, Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, Thomas Rolle, Jörg Sameith (2003). Five visualizations of the k-best mode. ICGA Journal, Vol. 26, No. 3 ^[18]
• Ingo Althöfer (2003). Computer-Aided Game Inventing. Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, pdf
• Ingo Althöfer (2004). Improved game play by multiple computer hints. Theoretical Computer Science, Vol. 313, No. 3

2005 ...

• Ingo Althöfer, Susanne Heuser (2005). Randomised Evaluations in Single-Agent Search. ICGA Journal, Vol. 28, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (2008). On the Laziness of Monte-Carlo Game Tree Search in Non-tight Situations. Technical Report, pdf » Monte-Carlo Tree Search

2010 ...

• Ingo Althöfer (2010). Automatic Generation and Evaluation of Recombination Games. Doctoral Dissertation by Cameron Browne, Review, ICGA Journal, Vol. 33, No. 4 ^[19]
• Ingo Althöfer (2010). Game Self-Play with Pure Monte-Carlo: The Basin Structure. pdf » Monte-Carlo Tree Search

2011

• Ingo Althöfer (2011). John Tromp in the Style of David Levy: 4-0 win in the Go bet. ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 2 » John Tromp ^[20]
• Ingo Althöfer (2011). On Board-Filling Games with Random-Turn Order and Monte Carlo Perfectness. Advances in Computer Games 13
• Ingo Althöfer (2011). On Games with Random-Turn Order and Monte Carlo Perfectness. ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 4

2012

• Ingo Althöfer (2012). The Origin of Dynamic Komi. ICGA Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (2012). Side Report: Popular Video Livestream. ICGA Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1 » Advances in Computer Games 13
• Ingo Althöfer (2012). PAN wins Clobber Tournament. ICGA Journal, Vol. 35, No. 1 » 16th Computer Olympiad
• Ingo Althöfer (2012). Havannah – The Old Man and the C’s. ICGA Journal, Vol. 35, No. 4 » Havannah

2013

• Ingo Althöfer (2013). Remarks on History and Presence of Game Tree Search and Research. Information Theory, Combinatorics, and Search Theory - In Memory of Rudolf Ahlswede. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, ISBN 978-3-642-36898-1
• Ingo Althöfer, Wesley Turner (2013). Anomalies of Pure Monte Carlo Search in Monte Carlo Perfect Games. CG 2013
• Ingo Althöfer (2013). The wild Years are gone: Monte Carlo in Smoother Waters. Conference Report CG 2013, ICGA Journal, Vol. 36, No. 3
• Ingo Althöfer (2013). PAN Wins Clobber Tournament - King of Clobber - De Koning and his PAN. ICGA Journal, Vol. 36, No. 3 » 17th Computer Olympiad, Johan de Koning

2014

• Ingo Althöfer, Roland Voigt (2014). Spiele, Rätsel, Zahlen. Springer Spektrum, ISBN 978-3-642-55301-1, Zusatzmaterial (German) ^[21]
• Ingo Althöfer, Raymond Georg Snatzke (2014). The codecentric Go Challenge 2014: Franz-Josef Dickhut vs. CRAZY STONE. ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 4 ^{[22] [23] [24]}

2015 ...

• Ingo Althöfer, Matthias Beckmann, Friedrich Salzer (2015). On some Random Walk Games with Micro Control. Advances in Computer Games 14
• Ingo Althöfer, Michael Hartisch (2015). The Effect of Biasing Win Conditions. Game & Puzzle Design, Vol. 1, No. 1
• Ingo Althöfer (2015). Obituary: John Nash, A Beautiful Mind has Gone. ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2 » John Nash ^{[25] [26]}
• Michael Hartisch, Ingo Althöfer (2015). Optimal Robot Play in Certain Chess Endgame Situations. ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 3
• Ingo Althöfer, Richard J. Lorentz, Matthias Beckmann (2015). Advances in Computer Games Conference 2015. Report, ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 3 » Advances in Computer Games 12
• Ingo Althöfer (2015). HANFRIED wins EinStein Würfelt Nicht! Tournament. ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 4 » 18th Computer Olympiad | EWN

2016

• Raphael Thiele, Ingo Althöfer (2016). An Analysis of Majority Systems with Dependent Agents in a Simple Subtraction Game. CG 2016
• Ingo Althöfer (2016). Computer-Aided Go: Chess as a Role Model. CG 2016

Forum Posts

• Re: AEGON news 2: dreihirn by Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, rgcc, April 24, 1996 » Aegon 1996
• A diary on 3-Hirn chess by Ingo Althöfer, rgcc, December 27, 1996
• 3-Hirn History: Game 12 by Ingo Althöfer, rgcc, March 29, 1997 » Aegon 1992, Zugzwang (Program)
• Multi-Fritz with Boss versus IM R. Vasquez by Ingo Althöfer, CCC, March 09, 1999 » Fritz ^[27]
• Artikel von John Nunn by Ingo Althöfer, CSS Forum, January 08, 2014 (German) ^[28]

External Links

• Ingo Althöfer Homepage
• Prof. Dr. Ingo Althöfer - Chair Operations Research
• The Mathematics Genealogy Project - Ingo Althöfer
• Ingo Althoefer's ICGA Tournaments
• Ingo Althöfer from the Fano Experimental Web Server by David Eppstein
• Prof. Dr. Ingo Althöfer - Computerschach und Spiele Author profile
• Palestine Chess Programmers Prize

Pictorial reports

Pictorial reports and Games by Ingo Althöfer

• 25. Spielautorentreffen in Göttingen 2005 by Karsten Höser (German)
• "EinStein würfelt nicht" - Das Turnier in Jena (German), EinStein würfelt nicht! with Theo van der Storm
• Karl's Race, A Game on Karl Scherer's Alternating Tiling, 2006
• CeBIT 2007 Spiele erfinden mit Computer-Hilfe (German)
• Lange Nacht der Wissenschaften - Long Night of Sciences Jena - 2007
• Workshop Jena 2008: Analysis, Design, and Programming of Games
  Chrilly Donninger, Stefan Meyer-Kahlen, Frank Schneider and Eiko Bleicher et al.
• Games in Shanghai
• Lange Nacht der Wissenschaften - Long Night of Sciences, Jena - 2009
• Lange Nacht der Wissenschaften - Long Night of Sciences, Jena - 2011
• Games and Aesthetics: Play beyond Zero Sums, September 2011 and February 2013
• Computer Olympiad 2011 - Clobber » Clobber
• "EinStein würfelt nicht" in the Computer Olympiad 2011
• Schneider von Gent:, March 2013
• Old Lego Bricks in our Washing Machine, June 18 and 29, and July 05, 2013
• Match: Lee Sedol vs AlphaGo , March 09, 2016 » AlphaGo

References

1. ^ Fakultaet fuer Mathematik und Informatik
2. ^ Prof. Dr. Ingo Althöfer - Chair Operations Research
3. ^ EinStein würfelt nicht von Ingo Althöfer, Copyright 2004
4. ^ A challenge to Theo van der Storm! by Ingo Althöfer, CCC, March 04, 2005
5. ^ K-Best Visualisations
6. ^ A diary on 3-Hirn chess by Ingo Althöfer, rgcc, December 27, 1996
7. ^ Ingo Althöfer Homepage
8. ^ Zahlenmeister - Die Chess Classic Mainz 2005 aus der Sicht eines Taschenrechners (German), Photo courtesy Eric van Reem
9. ^ Photo by Gerd Isenberg. November 23, 2011
10. ^ Jörg Sameith (2002). Entscheidungs-Unterstützung im Multiple-Choice-Modus - Realisierung eine k-Best-Algorithmus für das Spiel "Connections". Diplomarbeit
11. ^ Christian Posthoff, Günter Reinemann, Computerschach - Schachcomputer, Berlin: Akademie-Verl., (1987), ISBN-13: 978-3055002281 available from Biblioman.de
12. ^ ICGA Reference Database (pdf)
13. ^ Prof. Dr. Ingo Althöfer - Selected Publications
14. ^ dblp: Ingo Althöfer
15. ^ Rudolf Ahlswede PhD Theses
16. ^ Re: Zappa Report by Ingo Althöfer, CCC, December 30, 2005
17. ^ Ingo Althöfer - 13 Jahre 3-Hirn at WCCC 1999, Photographer Gerhard Hund
18. ^ K-Best Visualisations
19. ^ Cameron Browne (2008). Automatic Generation and Evaluation of Recombination Games, Doctoral Dissertation, Queensland University of Technology, pdf
20. ^ The Shodan Go Bet
21. ^ Spiele, Zahlen, Rätsel by Karsten Müller, ChessBase.de, October 20, 2014 (German)
22. ^ Franz-Josef Dickhut from Wikipedia, Rémi Coulom
23. ^ codecentric go challenge 2014: Interviews with Franz-Josef Dickhut and Rémi Coulom - codecentric Blog by Raymond Georg Snatzke , October 1, 2014
24. ^ codecentric go challenge 2014: Final Interviews - codecentric Blog by Raymond Georg Snatzke, November 27, 2014
25. ^ John Forbes Nash, Jr. from Wikipedia
26. ^ A Beautiful Mind (film) from Wikipedia
27. ^ Rodrigo Vásquez Schroder - Wikipedia
28. ^ John Nunn (2013). Discoveries in R+2P vs. R+P Endings. ICGA Journal, Vol. 36, No. 3

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