Orwell, a chess program by Thomas Nitsche developed in the early 70s, when Nitsche was student at University of Freiburg. Orwell III already played the first German computer chess tournament, the First GI Computer Chess Tournament, 1975 in Dortmund [1] , and was runner-up at the First European Computer Chess Championship 1976 in Amsterdam behind Master [2] [3] . Orwell was written in Algol, Simula and Fortran and ran on an Univac 1106/2. At the WMCCC 1984 in Glasgow, while winning the shared title with Mephisto III A, Elmar Henne and Thomas Nitsche further competed with an experimental program with the Orwell brand-name, running on a 68000 processor of a NDR-Klein-Computer [4] interfaced with a Mephisto Modular board. When Hegener & Glaser abandoned the collaboration with Henne and Nitsche short later, to work with Richard Lang, Henne and Nitsche competed a last time at the WMCCC 1985 with three entries of Orwell, running on 68020 processors.
George Orwell [5]

Selected Games

[Event "WMCCC 1985"]
[Site "Amsterdam, The Netherlands"]
[Date "1985.09.15"]
[Round "8"]
[White "Orwell Y"]
[Black "Mephisto Amsterdam 2"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
 
1.d4 d5 2.Bg5 Nf6 3.Bxf6 exf6 4.e3 c6 5.c4 Bb4+ 6.Nc3 O-O 7.Qb3 Bxc3+ 8.bxc3 Re8 
9.Bd3 b6 10.Nf3 Bg4 11.Nd2 dxc4 12.Bxc4 Be6 13.O-O Nd7 14.Bxe6 Rxe6 15.Rfe1 Qc7 
16.Qc4 Rae8 17.Qd3 Nf8 18.c4 Ng6 19.Qa3 R6e7 20.Qa4 Qd7 21.Rab1 Qe6 22.h3 Rd8 
23.Rbd1 h6 24.Rb1 Qd6 25.Rb3 Rdd7 26.Qa6 Re8 27.Rd3 Qc7 28.Qa4 Rde7 29.Ra3 Qd6 
30.Rb1 Rd8 31.Nf1 Rdd7 32.Ng3 Nh4 33.d5 cxd5 34.Rd3 Qc7 35.cxd5 Ng6 36.d6 Rxd6 
37.Rxd6 Qxd6 38.Nf5 Qc7 39.Nxe7+ Qxe7 40.Rd1 Ne5 41.e4 Qc7 42.a3 g5 43.Qb3 Qc5 
44.a4 Kg7 45.Qb2 Qc4 46.Rd4 Qc6 47.Qa2 Qc1+ 48.Kh2 Qc7 49.f4 Nc6 50.Rc4 Qxf4+ 
51.g3 Qd6 52.Rc1 Ne5 53.Rc3 Qd7 54.Qc2 Qd4 55.Kg2 a5 56.Kh2 g4 57.hxg4 Nxg4+ 
58.Kh1 Qf2 59.Qxf2 Nxf2+ 60.Kg2 Nxe4 61.Rc6 Nc5 62.Rxb6 Nxa4 63.Rb5 Kg6 64.Rxa5 
Nc3 65.g4 Ne4 66.Kf3 Ng5+ 67.Kf4 Ne6+ 68.Kg3 Ng7 69.Ra6 h5 70.gxh5+ Kg5 71.Ra5+ 
f5 72.h6 Kxh6 73.Kf4 Kg6 74.Rd5 Kf6 75.Rd7 Ne6+ 76.Ke3 f4+ 77.Kf3 Ke5 78.Re7 f6 
79.Kg4 f5+ 80.Kf3 Kd5 81.Re8 1/2-1/2 

See also

• Mephisto (H)
• Parwell

External Links

Chess Program

• Orwell's ICGA Tournaments

George Orwell

• George Orwell from Wikipedia
• River Orwell from Wikipedia
• Animal Farm from Wikipedia
• Nineteen Eighty-Four from Wikipedia

References

1. ^ Karsten Bauermeister (1995). Aufbruchstimmung in Deutschland. Computerschach und Spiele Heft 6, 1995 (German)
2. ^ The Fourth World Computer Chess Championship (labeled 22nd ACM), pdf from The Computer History Museum, pdf, European Championships, page 8
3. ^ II. Europäische Schachcomputermeisterschaft: "Parwell" und "Elsa" als elektronische Vertreter Deutschlands, September 14, 1979, Computerwoche 37/1979 (German), covers First European Computer Chess Championship and the Master vs. Orwell game
4. ^ Schach (mit) dem NDR-Computer - Loop 12, 1987 (German) » Schach 2.6, a chess program by Klaus Rumrich
5. ^ George Orwell from Wikipedia

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