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		Peter W. Frey, an American psychologist, computer scientist and Professor Emeritus at Northwestern University. At the Department of Psychology at Northwestern his research focused on pattern recognition, machine learning, computer chess and computer-based decision systems. He is co-founder of Pattern Recognition Systems. Peter W. Frey is editor of and contributor to Chess Skill in Man and Machine [1], the definitive text on computer chess [2].
Peter W. Frey [3]

Biography

from Pattern Recognition ^[4] :

Peter co-founded Pattern Recognition in 1991 and served as Chief Research Scientist. A Professor Emeritus at Northwestern University, he served on the faculty for 30 years, teaching in the Computer Science department, the Psychology department, and the Kellogg Graduate School of Management. While at Northwestern, his research focused on machine learning and computer-based decision systems. He is the author of over fifty academic publications and several commercial software products. Peter graduated magna cum laude from Yale University and earned his Ph.D. in experimental psychology at the University of Wisconsin.

Brute-force and AI

During the 70s and 80s, Peter W. Frey researched and wrote on computer chess with further impact on the development. In disagreement with the AI-establishment and their decreasing interest in (brute force) computer chess as the former Drosophila of AI ^[5] , and unlike perhaps his colleagues De Groot and Gobet, he was an advocate of brute force Shannon Type-A programs. His suggestion to Slate and Atkin triggered some thoughts on the matter, and as a result they dumped selective searching in 1973 in favor of full-width searching in Chess 4.0 ^[6] .

Chess 0.5

In 1978, Peter W. Frey wrote a didactic program in Pascal along with Chess author Larry Atkin, which was published as Chess 0.5 in Byte Magazine ^[7] , and re-published on-line in 2005, available from Scott A. Moore's sites ^{[8] [9]}.

Odin

		Further working with Larry Atkin, Peter W. Frey is co-author of the strong commercial Othello program Odin [10] [11], which ran as module in the Chafitz Modular Game System and the Applied Concepts Great Game Machine [12].
Odin, Thor and Freyr [13]

See also

• Brute-Force
• Chess 0.5
• Chess 4.x
• Cognition
• Pattern Recognition
• Psychology

Selected Publications

^[14]

1976 ...

• Peter W. Frey, Peter Adesman (1976). Recall Memory for Visually Presented Chess Positions. Memory & Cognition, Vol. 4, No. 5, 541-547
• Peter W. Frey (ed.) (1977). Chess Skill in Man and Machine. Springer, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.
  Peter W. Frey (1977). An Introduction to Computer Chess. Chess Skill in Man and Machine pp. 54-81
• Peter W. Frey, Larry Atkin (1978). Creating a Chess Player. An Essay on Human and Computer Chess Skill, BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 10, pp. 182-191. pdf from The Computer History Museum
• Peter W. Frey, Larry Atkin (1978). Creating a Chess Player, Part 2: Chess 0.5. BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 11
• Peter W. Frey, Larry Atkin (1978). Creating a Chess Player, Part 3: Chess 0.5 (continued). BYTE, Vol. 3, No. 12
• Peter W. Frey, Larry Atkin (1979). Creating a Chess-Player, Part 4: Thoughts on Strategy. In Blaise W. Liffick (ed.), The Byte Book of Pascal, pp. 143-155. Byte Publications, also BYTE, Vol. 4, No. 1
• Allan Gottlieb, Peter W. Frey, David Levy, Johann Joss (1979). Letters on Handicapping Computer Chess Programs, ICCA Newsletter, Vol. 2, No. 1

1980 ...

• Peter W. Frey (1980). Machine Othello. Personal Computing, Vol. 4, No. 7, pp. 89
• Peter W. Frey (1983). The Alpha-Beta Algorithm: Incremental Updating, Well-Behaved Evaluation Functions, and Non-Speculative Forward Pruning. Computer Game-Playing (ed. Max Bramer), pp. 285-289. Ellis Horwood Limited Publishers, Chichester.
• Peter W. Frey (1983). An Introduction to Computer Chess. Chess Skill in Man and Machine (ed. P.W. Frey), 2nd edition, Springer-Verlag, New York. ISBN 0-387-90790-4.
• Peter W. Frey (1985). An Empirical Technique for Developing Evaluation Functions. ICCA Journal, Vol. 8, No. 1
• Peter W. Frey (1986). Algorithmic Strategies for Improving the Performance of Game-Playing Programs. In Doyne Farmer, Alan Lapedes, Norman Packard, Burton Wendroff (Ed.) (1986). Evolution, Games and Learning: Models for Adaptation in Machines and Nature. Proceedings of the Fifth Annual International Conference of the Center, Elsevier
• Peter W. Frey (1986). Fuzzy Production Rules in Chess. ICCA Journal, Vol. 9, No. 4
• Peter W. Frey (1986). A Bit-Mapped Classifier. BYTE, Vol. 11, No. 12

1990 ...

• Peter W. Frey, David Slate (1991). Letter Recognition Using Holland-style Adaptive Classifiers. Machine Learning Vol 6 #2 March 91, pdf
• Peter W. Frey (1991). Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI. ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4

2000 ...

• David Slate, Peter W. Frey (2009). Recursive Binary Partitioning, Old Dogs with New Tricks, KDD Conference 2009, slides as pdf ^[15]

External Links

• Peter W Frey - Kaggle
• Pattern Recognition - Peter Frey, PhD
• Peter W Frey's Page - Data Science Central
• Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey hosted by The Spacious Mind

References

1. ^ Peter W. Frey (ed.) (1977). Chess Skill in Man and Machine, Springer-Verlag, New York, N.Y. 2nd ed. 1983. ISBN 0-387-90815-3.
2. ^ Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0, Approaches to Chess by Peter Frey hosted by The Spacious Mind
3. ^ Peter W Frey - Kaggle
4. ^ Pattern Recognition - Peter Frey, PhD
5. ^ Peter W. Frey (1991). Memory-Based Expertise: Computer Chess vs. AI. ICCA Journal, Vol. 14, No. 4
6. ^ David Slate and Larry Atkin (1977). CHESS 4.5 - The Northwestern University Chess Program. Chess Skill in Man and Machine, reprinted (1988) in Computer Chess Compendium
7. ^ Larry R. Atkin Magazine articles
8. ^ Chess 0.5, Release 1 - 2005-05-30
9. ^ Byte Chess 0.5 source code
10. ^ Odin - The Othello Wiki Book Project
11. ^ Commodore 64/128 Old Computer Chess Game Collection - Chess 7.0 from The Spacious Mind
    
12. ^ Welcome to the Great-Game Machine Workshop
13. ^ The Skog Church Tapestry portion possibly depicting Odin, Thor and Freyr or three Christian kings on the 12th century, Trifunctional hypothesis from Wikipedia
14. ^ ICGA Reference Database (pdf)
15. ^ Results of the KDD cup 2009

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