CCCP (US)

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|| [[image:USSR_animated_flag.gif link="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:USSR_animated_flag.gif"]] ||~   || **CCCP**,
the Columbia Computer Chess Program developed by a group of students at [[Columbia University]], [[Steven M. Bellovin]], [[Aron Eisenpress]], [[Andrew Koenig]], and [[Ben Yalow]], written in [[PL 1|PL/I]]. CCCP played the [[ACM 1971]], where it ran on [[IBM 360|IBM 360/91]] at Columbia University. The project already started during the [[ACM 1970]] in collaboration with [[Hans Berliner]] from [[Carnegie Mellon University]], when [[J. Biit]] was operated through a chess [[GUI]] written at Columbia for the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_2250|IBM 2250 Display Unit]]. The four students continued to develop J. Biit, replacing the back end with a much better set of algorithms, evolving into CCCP (a pun on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyrillic|Cyrillic]] abbreviation for the official name of the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_Union|Soviet Union]], Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик) after one year of effort <ref>[[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/elliott-frank.html#cccp|Recollections of CUCC 1968-70 -The CCCP Chess Program]]</ref> . ||
|| Flying USSR flag <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union|Flag of the Soviet Union]], file from the [[Prelinger Archives]], which released it explicitly into the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_domain|public domain]], using the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_Commons|Creative Commons]] [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/publicdomain/|Public Domain Dedication]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]]</ref> ||~   ||^   ||
[[toc]]
=Selected Games= 
[[ACM 1971]], round 3, [[CCCP (US)|CCCP]] - [[David]] <ref>[[http://www.csvn.nl/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=60&Itemid=26&lang=en|PGN Download NACCC]] from [[http://www.csvn.nl/index.php?option=com_docman&task=cat_view&gid=13&Itemid=26&lang=en|Computerschaak/Downloads/Games]] hosted by [[CSVN]]</ref>
[[code]]
[Event "ACM 1971"]
[Site "Chicago USA"]
[Date "1971.08.04"]
[Round "3"]
[White "CCCP"]
[Black "David"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]

1.e4 e6 2.d4 Nc6 3.Nc3 g5 4.Bb5 a6 5.Bxc6 dxc6 6.Be3 b5 7.Qh5 b4
8.Bxg5 Nf6 9.Bxf6 Qxf6 10.e5 Qg7 11.Ne4 Qxg2 12.Qf3 Qxf3 13.Nxf3
Bh6 14.Nf6+ Ke7 15.a3 bxa3 16.Rxa3 Rb8 17.O-O Rxb2 18.c4 a5 19.Rxa5
Rb3 20.Kg2 Rxf3 21.Kxf3 Bd2 22.Rc5 Bc3 23.Rxc6 Bb7 24.Nd5+ exd5
25.Rxc7+ Ke6 26.Rxb7 dxc4 27.Rb6+ Kf5 28.Rf6+ Kg5 29.Rg1+ Kh5
30.Rf5+ Kh6 31.Rf6+ Kh5 32.Rf5+ Kh6 33.Rf6+ Kh5 34.Rf5+ 1/2-1/2
[[code]]
[[#TheComputerWasAFish]]
=The Computer Was a Fish= 
|| [[image:ASF_0501.jpg link="http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064"]] ||~   || In his essay //The Computer Was a Fish//, published in [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_Science_Fiction_and_Fact|Analog Science Fiction and Fact]], August 1972 <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_R._R._Martin|George R. R. Martin]] (**1972**). //[[http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/title.cgi?115771|The Computer Was a Fish]]//. [[http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064|Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]]</ref>, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_R._R._Martin|George R. R. Martin]] mentions the [[ACM 1971]] and a computer chess program called CCCP, which had a certain [[Ben Yalow|Mr. Benjamin Yalow]] on the team <ref>[[http://efanzines.com/DrinkTank/DrinkTank319.pdf|The Drink Tank 319 - Hugo for Best Novel | Chris Garcia - Editors - James Bacon]] (pdf)</ref>. The essay inspired [[Charles F. Wilkes|Charles F.]] and [[Charlie Wilkes]] to write their program [[The Fox]] <ref>[[http://www.computerhistory.org/chess/full_record.php?iid=doc-431614f6d6b8e|Computer Chess Newsletter, Issue 2]] 1977 by [[Douglas Penrod]], [[Charles F. Wilkes]] pp. 6-9, Courtesy of [[Peter Jennings]], [[http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/4-0.Issue_2_Computer_Chess_Newsletter/Issue_2_Computer_Chess_Newsletter.1977.062303031.sm.pdf|pdf reprint]] from [[The Computer History Museum]]</ref>.

||
|| Analog, August 1972 <ref>Cover art by [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Kelly_Freas|Frank Kelly Freas]], supplied by [[http://www.sfcovers.net/|Visco]], [[http://www.isfdb.org/cgi-bin/pl.cgi?57064|Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972]]</ref> ||~   ||^   ||

=Namesake= 
* [[CCCP]] by [[Pawel Koziol]]

=See also=
* [[Various Classifications#Acronym|Acronym]]
* [[Various Classifications#Fish|Fish]]

=Publications=
* [[Andrew Koenig]] (**1978**). //Light-Pen used in game//. [[Personal Computing#2_5|Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 5]], pp. 112

=External Links= 
* [[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/index.html#cccp|Computing at Columbia Timeline]]
* [[http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/elliott-frank.html#cccp|Recollections of CUCC 1968-70 -The CCCP Chess Program]]
* [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A1%D0%A0|СССР - Wiktionary]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CCCP_%28disambiguation%29|CCCP (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]]

=References= 
<references />
=What links here?= 
[[include page="CCCP (US)" component="backlinks" limit="40" ]]
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