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[[toc]] **[[Home]] * Games** [[John von Neumann]] classified [[Chess]] as [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-player_game|two-player]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-sum_(game_theory)|zero-sum]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_strategy|abstract strategy]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Board_game|board game]] with [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_information|perfect information]]. This page gives a brief overview on chess variants and other games, which are interesting for chess programmers due to new and innovative approaches and [[Algorithms|algorithms]] in [[Search|search]], [[Evaluation|evaluation]] and [[Learning|learning]]. [[#ChessVariants]] =Board Games= ==Chess Variants== * [[Losing Chess|Antichess]] (Losing Chess) * [[Atomic Chess]] * [[Capablanca Chess]] * [[Chess960]] or Fischer Random Chess (FRC) * [[Chinese Chess]] (Xiangqi) * [[Crazyhouse]] * [[Gothic Chess]] * [[Kinglet]] * [[Knightmate Chess]] * [[Losing Chess]] * [[Nightrider Chess]] * [[Seirawan Chess]] <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seirawan_chess|Seirawan chess from Wikipedia]]</ref> * [[Shatranj]] * [[Shogi]] (Japanese Chess) * [[Shuffle Chess]] * [[Losing Chess|Suicide Chess]] (Losing Chess) * [[Chinese Chess|Xiangqi]] (Chinese Chess) [[#BoardGames]] ==Abstract Board Games== * [[Abalone]] * [[Amazons]] * [[Arimaa]] * [[Breakthrough (Game)|Breakthrough]] * [[Checkers]] * [[Clobber]] * [[Connect Four]] * [[Connect6]] * [[Draughts]] * [[Go]] * [[Gomoku]] * [[Havannah]] * [[Hex]] * [[Lines of Action]] * [[Nine Men’s Morris]] * [[Othello]] * [[Renju]] [[#Mancala]] ==Mancala Games== * [[Awari]] * [[Bao]] * [[Kalah]] [[#DiceGames]][[#Chance]] ==Games of Chance== * [[Backgammon]] * [[EinStein würfelt nicht!]] ==Without perfect information== * [[Chinese Dark Chess]] * [[KriegSpiel]] * [[Phantom Go]] =Card Games= * [[Bridge]] * [[Poker]] =Single-player= * [[Sokoban]] * [[Nonogram]] =Misc= * [[General Game Playing]] > [[General Game Playing#GDL|Game Description Language]] * [[Zillions of Games#ZRF|Zillions Rules Language]] =See also= * [[Chess Game]] * [[Portable Game Notation]] * [[Robots]] * [[Tournaments]] =Publications= ==1913== * [[Ernst Zermelo]] (**1913**). //Über eine Anwendung der Mengenlehre auf die Theorie des Schachspiels//. Proc. Fifth Congress Mathematicians, (Cambridge 1912), Cambridge Univ. Press 1913, 501–504. Translation: //On an Application of Set Theory to the Theory of the Game of Chess//. <ref>see Appendix in [[https://mikro.uni-hohenheim.de/73374.html?&L=1|Ulrich Schwalbe]], [[http://www.econ.canterbury.ac.nz/personal_pages/paul_walker/psw.htm|Paul Walker]] (**1997**). //Zermelo and the early history of game theory//. [[http://www.econ.canterbury.ac.nz/personal_pages/paul_walker/pubs/zermelo-geb.pdf|pdf]]</ref> ==1920 ...== * [[Mathematician#Borel|Émile Borel]] (**1921**). //La théorie du jeu et les équations intégrales à noyau symétrique//. Comptes Rendus de Académie des Sciences, Vol. 173, pp. 1304-1308, English translation by [[Mathematician#LJSavage|Leonard J. Savage]] (**1953**). //[[Minimax#Savage|The Theory of Play and Integral Equations with Skew Symmetric Kernels]]//. * [[Mathematician#DenesKoenig|Dénes Kőnig]] (**1927**). //[[http://acta.fyx.hu/acta/showCustomerArticle.action?id=5131&dataObjectType=article&returnAction=showCustomerVolume&sessionDataSetId=2b29ea26fa2c9ba|Über eine Schlussweise aus dem Endlichen ins Unendliche]]//. [[http://acta.fyx.hu/acta/home.action?noDataSet=true|Acta Scientiarum Mathematicarum]] ([[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Szeged|University of Szeged]]) * [[John von Neumann]] (**1928**). //[[http://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/dms/load/img/?IDDOC=29357|Zur Theorie der Gesellschaftsspiele]]//, Berlin <ref>[[Alexander Reinefeld]] (**2005**). //Die Entwicklung der Spielprogrammierung: Von John von Neumann bis zu den hochparallelen Schachmaschinen//. [[http://www.informatik.hu-berlin.de/studium/ringvorlesung/ss05/slides/05-06-02.pdf|slides as pdf]], Themen der Informatik im historischen Kontext Ringvorlesung an der [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humboldt_University_of_Berlin|HU Berlin]], 02.06.2005 (English paper, German title)</ref> ==1930 ...== * [[Mathematician#Borel|Émile Borel]], [[Mathematician#JVille|Jean Ville]] (**1939**). //[[http://www.eyrolles.com/Sciences/Livre/applications-de-la-theorie-des-probabilites-aux-jeux-de-hasard-9782876473393|Applications de la théorie des probabilités aux jeux de hasard]]//. [[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauthier-Villars|Gauthier-Villars]] (Applications of probability theory to gambling) ==1940 ...== * [[Mathematician#Borel|Émile Borel]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Ch%C3%A9ron|André Chéron]] (**1940,1954**). //[[http://www.eyrolles.com/Sciences/Livre/theorie-mathematique-du-bridge-a-la-portee-de-tous-9782876473379|Théorie mathématique du bridge à la portée de tous]]//. [[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauthier-Villars|Gauthier-Villars]] Translated by Alec Traub as //The Mathematical Theory of Bridge//. [[https://www.amazon.com/Mathematical-Theory-Bridge-Emile-Borel/dp/B0007AKQRA|amazon]] * [[John von Neumann]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oskar_Morgenstern|Oskar Morgenstern]] (**1944**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_Games_and_Economic_Behavior|Theory of Games and Economic Behavior]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University_Press|Princeton University Press]] * [[Mathematician#MMFlood|Merrill M. Flood]], [[Mathematician#LJSavage|Leonard J. Savage]] (**1948**). //[[http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_memoranda/RM51.html|A Game Theoretic Study of the Tactics of Area Defense]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation|RAND Corporation]] * [[Claude Shannon]] (**1949**). //[[http://www.pi.infn.it/%7Ecarosi/chess/shannon.txt|Programming a Computer for Playing Chess]]//. [[http://archive.computerhistory.org/projects/chess/related_materials/text/2-0%20and%202-1.Programming_a_computer_for_playing_chess.shannon/2-0%20and%202-1.Programming_a_computer_for_playing_chess.shannon.062303002.pdf|pdf]] ==1950 ...== * [[Mathematician#HWKuhn|Harold W. Kuhn]], [[Mathematician#AWTucker|Albert W. Tucker]] (eds) (**1950**). //[[http://books.google.com/books?id=TpbbVU4tA58C&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:9780691079349&hl=de&ei=r2i1TabJL8_usgaW-rj7Cw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Contributions to the Theory of Games I]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University_Press|Princeton University Press]] ** [[Mathematician#Weyl|Hermann Weyl]] (**1950**). //Elementary Proof of a Minimax Theorem due to von Neumann//. ** [[Mathematician#DGale|David Gale]], S. Sherman (**1950**). //Solutions of Finite Two-persons Games//. ** [[http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/senate/inmemoriam/georgewbrown.htm|George W. Brown]], [[John von Neumann]] (**1950**). //Solutions of Games by Differential Equations//. ** [[Mathematician#DGale|David Gale]], [[Mathematician#HWKuhn|Harold W. Kuhn]], [[Mathematician#AWTucker|Albert W. Tucker]] (**1950**). //On Symmetric Games//. ** [[Mathematician#DGale|David Gale]], [[Mathematician#HWKuhn|Harold W. Kuhn]], [[Mathematician#AWTucker|Albert W. Tucker]] (**1950**). //Reduction of Game Matrices//. * [[Mathematician#JFNash|John Nash]] (**1950**). //[[http://www.princeton.edu/mudd/news/faq/topics/nash.shtml|Non-Cooperative Games]]//. dissertation * [[Mathematician#JFNash|John Nash]] (**1952**). //Some Games and Machines for Playing Them//. Technical Report D-1164, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation|Rand Corp.]] * [[Mathematician#HWKuhn|Harold W. Kuhn]], [[Mathematician#AWTucker|Albert W. Tucker]] (eds) (**1953**). //[[http://books.google.com/books?id=ulrGpTmQ8wQC&printsec=frontcover&dq=isbn:9780691079356&hl=de&ei=42C1TZquO4nDswa2-vHfDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCoQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false|Contributions to the Theory of Games II]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Princeton_University_Press|Princeton University Press]] ** [[John von Neumann]] (**1953**). //A Certain Zero-sum Two-person Game Equivalent to the Optimal Assignment Problem//. ** [[Mathematician#DBGillies|Donald B. Gillies]], [[Mathematician#Mayberry|John P. Mayberry]], [[John von Neumann]] (**1953**). //Two Variants of Poker//. ** [[Mathematician#DGale|David Gale]] and Frank Stewart (**1953**). //Infinite Games with Perfect Information//. ** [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_Shapley|Lloyd Shapley]] (**1953**). //A Value for n-person Games//. * [[Claude Shannon|Claude E. Shannon]] (**1953**). //[[http://www.jnorman.com/cgi-bin/hss/38411|Computers and Automata]]//. Proceedings of the Institute of Radio Engineers Vol. 41, No. 10 <ref>[[Hex]] is a special case of the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon_switching_game|Shannon Switching Game]], from [[Jack van Rijswijck]] (**2003**). //Search and evaluation in Hex//. Technical report, [[University of Alberta]], [[http://home.fuse.net/swmeyers/y-hex.pdf|pdf]]</ref> * [[Mathematician#Borel|Émile Borel]], [[Mathematician#MRFrechet|Maurice R. Fréchet]], [[John von Neumann]] (**1953**). //Discussion of the Early History of the Theory of Games, with Special Reference to the Minimax Theorem//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Econometrica|Econometrica]], Vol. 21, 97-127 * [[Alan Turing]] (**1953**). //Digital Computers Applied to Games//, in [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/B._V._Bowden,_Baron_Bowden|Bertram Vivian Bowden]] (editor), [[http://www.computinghistory.org.uk/cgi-bin/sitewise.pl?act=det&p=10719|Faster Than Thought]], a symposium on digital computing machines, from [[http://oldcomputerbooks.com/product.php?productid=16949&cat=108&page=2|oldcomputerbooks.com]] * [[Richard E. Bellman]] (**1954**). //On a new Iterative Algorithm for Finding the Solutions of Games and Linear Programming Problems//. Technical Report P-473, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation|RAND Corporation]], U. S. Air Force Project RAND, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California|Santa Monica, CA]] * [[Richard E. Bellman]] (**1957**). //The Theory of Games//. Technical Report P-1062, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation|RAND Corporation]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Monica,_California|Santa Monica, CA]] * [[Mathematician#HWKuhn|Harold W. Kuhn]], [[Mathematician#AWTucker|Albert W. Tucker]] (**1958**). //[[http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS?service=UI&version=1.0&verb=Display&handle=euclid.bams/1183522375|John von Neumann's work in the theory of games and mathematical economics]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_of_the_American_Mathematical_Society|Bulletin American Mathematical Sociaty]] Vol. 64, No. 3, [[http://projecteuclid.org/DPubS/Repository/1.0/Disseminate?view=body&id=pdf_1&handle=euclid.bams/1183522375|pdf]] * [[Allen Newell]], [[Cliff Shaw]], [[Herbert Simon]] (**1959**). //Report on a general problem-solving program//. Proceedings of the International Conference on Information Processing, pp. 256-264 ==1960 ...== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Charles_Bell|Robert Charles Bell]] (**1960**). //[[http://boardgamegeek.com/image/713725/board-and-table-games-from-many-civilizations|Board and Table Games from Many Civilisations]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxford_University_Press|Oxford University Press]] * [[Mathematician#MDresher|Melvin Dresher]] (**1961**). //[[http://www.rand.org/pubs/commercial_books/CB149-1.html|Games of Strategy: Theory and Applications]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall|Prentice Hall]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAND_Corporation|RAND]] paper as [[http://www.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a473407.pdf|pdf]] * [[John Maynard Smith]], [[Donald Michie]] (**1961**). //Machines that play games//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Scientist|New Scientist]], Vol. 12 * [[Mathematician#EBurger|Ewald Burger]] (**1963**). //Introduction to the Theory of Games//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prentice_Hall|Prentice Hall]] * [[Richard E. Bellman]] (**1965**). //[[http://www.rand.org/pubs/papers/P3013/|On the Application of Dynamic Programming to the Determination of Optimal Play in Chess and Checkers]].// Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America * [[Donald Michie]] (**1966**). //Game Playing and Game Learning Automata.// Advances in Programming and Non-Numerical Computation, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_Fox|Leslie Fox]] (ed), pp. 183-200. Oxford, Pergamon. » Includes Appendix: //Rules of SOMAC// by [[John Maynard Smith]], introduces [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectiminimax_tree|Expectiminimax tree]] <ref>see [[Helmut Richter#Swapoff|Swap-off]] by [[Helmut Richter]]</ref> * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Charles_Bell|Robert Charles Bell]] (**1969**). //[[http://boardgamegeek.com/image/713724/board-and-table-games-from-many-civilizations|Board and Table Games 2 from Many Civilisations]]//, Oxford University Press, Oxford. ==1970 ...== * [[Alex Bell]] (**1972**). //[[http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/acl/literature/books/gamesplaying/overview.htm|Games Playing with Computers]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allen_%26_Unwin|Allen & Unwin]], ISBN-13: 978-0080212227, [[http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/acl/literature/books/gamesplaying/index.htm|index]] * [[Marc Eisenstadt]], [[Yaakov Kareev]] (**1973**). //Toward a Model of Human Game Playing//. [[Conferences#IJCAI1973|IJCAI 1973]], [[http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-73/PDF/049.pdf|pdf]] * [[John H. Conway]] (**1976**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Numbers_and_Games|On Numbers and Games]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Press|Academic Press]] <ref>[[Donald Knuth]] (**1974**). //[[http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/sn.html|Surreal Numbers - How two ex-students turned on to pure mathematics and found total happiness]]//. Addison-Wesley</ref> * [[Hans Berliner]], [[Richard Greenblatt]], [[Jacques Pitrat]], [[Arthur Samuel]], [[David Slate]] (**1977**). //Panel on Computer Game Playing//. [[Conferences#IJCAI1977|IJCAI 1977]], [[http://ijcai.org/Past%20Proceedings/IJCAI-77-VOL2/PDF/087.pdf|pdf]] * [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Mathematician#MRGarey|Michael R. Garey]], [[Mathematician#DSJohnson|David S. Johnson]], [[Mathematician#TCSchaefer|Thomas J. Schaefer]], [[Mathematician#YYesha|Yaacov Yesha]] (**1978**). //The Complexity of Checkers on an N * N Board//. [[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/conf/focs/focs78.html#FraenkelGJSY78|FOCS 1978]] » [[Checkers]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Charles_Bell|Robert Charles Bell]] (**1979**). //[[http://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/10971/board-and-table-games-from-many-civilizations|Board and Table Games from Many Civilisations]]//, Oxford University Press, Oxford, ISBN 0-486-23855-5. ==1980 ...== * [[Mathematician#MDresher|Melvin Dresher]] (**1981**). //The Mathematics of Games of Strategy: Theory and Applications//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dover_Publications|Dover Publications]], [[https://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Games-Strategy-Dover-Books/dp/048664216X|amazon.com]] * [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/l/Lichtenstein:David.html|David Lichtenstein]] (**1981**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-10843-2_23|Computing a Perfect Strategy for n x n Chess Requires Time Exponential in N]]//. [[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/journals/jct/jcta31.html#FraenkelL81|Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Ser. A, Vol. 31, No. 2]] * [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[John H. Conway]], [[Richard K. Guy]] (**1982**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winning_Ways_for_your_Mathematical_Plays|Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays]]//. Vol. 1, 1st edition, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Press|Academic Press]], * [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[John H. Conway]], [[Richard K. Guy]] (**1982**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winning_Ways_for_your_Mathematical_Plays|Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays]]//. Vol. 2, 1st edition, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_Press|Academic Press]] * [[John Maynard Smith]] (**1982**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_and_the_Theory_of_Games|Evolution and the Theory of Games]]//. Cambridge; New York, Cambridge University Press. * [[Mathematician#RAxelrod|Robert Axelrod]] (**1984**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Evolution_of_Cooperation|The Evolution of Cooperation]]//, [[http://www-personal.umich.edu/%7Eaxe/Axelrod_Evol_of_Coop_excerpts.pdf|pdf]] * [[Georgy Adelson-Velsky]], [[Vladimir Arlazarov]], [[Mikhail Donskoy]] (**1988**). //Algorithms for Games//. Springer-Verlag, New York, NY. ISBN 3-540-96629-3. * [[John Maynard Smith]] (**1988**). //Games, Sex, and Evolution//. New York, Harvester-Wheatsheaf. * [[Mathematician#KADeJong|Kenneth A. De Jong]], [[Mathematician#ACSchultz|Alan C. Schultz]] (**1988**). //Using Experience-Based Learning in Game Playing//. Proceedings of the Fifth International Machine Learning Conference, [[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.52.5381|CiteSeerX]] » [[Learning]], [[Othello]] ==1990 ...== * [[Mikhail Donskoy]], [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Bob Herschberg]] (**1990**). //Finessing in Games//. [[ICGA Journal#13_4|ICCA Journal, Vol. 13, No. 4]] * [[Richard K. Guy]], [[John H. Conway]], [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[Mathematician#VPless|Vera Pless]], [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Richard J. Nowakowski]] (**1991**). //[[https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/5136619-combinatorial-games|Combinatorial Games]]//. Proceedings of Symposia in Applied Mathematics, No. 43 * [[Alan Frank]] (**1991**). //Brute Force Search in Games of Imperfect Information//. [[2nd Computer Olympiad#Workshop|Heuristic Programming in AI 2]] * [[Frank Thuijsman]] (**1992**). //An Introduction to the Theory of Games//. [[3rd Computer Olympiad#Workshop|Heuristic Programming in AI 3]] * [[Victor Allis]] (**1994**). //Searching for Solutions in Games and Artificial Intelligence//. Ph.D. Thesis, [[Maastricht University|University of Limburg]], [[http://fragrieu.free.fr/SearchingForSolutions.pdf|pdf]] * [[Warren D. Smith]], [[Kevin J. Lang]] (**1994**). //Values of the merging function and algorithm design as a game//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEC_Corporation_of_America|NEC Research Institute]], [[http://scorevoting.net/WarrenSmithPages/homepage/mergepap.ps|ps]] ==1995 ...== * [[Richard J. Nowakowski]] (ed) (**1996**). //[[http://library.msri.org/books/Book29/index.html|Games of No Chance]]//. [[http://www.msri.org/publications/books/Book29/index.html|MSRI Publications Volume 29]] * [[Barney Pell]], [[Susan L. Epstein]], [[Robert Levinson]] (**1996**). //Introduction to the special issue on games: Structure and Learning//. [[http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/journals/ci/ci12.html#PellEL96|Computational Intelligence, Vol. 12]], No. 1, [[http://www.barneypell.com/papers/intro-cij.pdf|pdf]] * [[Yoav Freund]], [[Robert Schapire]] (**1996**). //Game Theory, On-line Prediction and Boosting//. [[http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/colt/colt1996.html#FreundS96|COLT 1996]], [[http://www.cs.princeton.edu/~schapire/papers/FreundSc96b.pdf|pdf]] * [[Eric B. Baum]], [[Warren D. Smith]] (**1997**). //A Bayesian Approach to Relevance in Game Playing//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_Intelligence_%28journal%29|Artificial Intelligence]], Vol. 97, [[http://citeseer.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.26.7961|CiteSeerX]] * [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Dmitri Zusman]] (**1998**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-48957-6_13|A New Heap Game]]//. [[CG 1998]] * [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Ofer Rahat]] (**1998**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-48957-6_14|Infinite Cyclic Impartial Games]]//. [[CG 1998]] * [[Uri Blass]], [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[http://www.informatik.uni-trier.de/~ley/db/indices/a-tree/g/Guelman:Romina.html|Romina Guelman]] (**1998**). //How Far Can Nim in Disguise be Stretched?// [[http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/math/pdf/9809/9809079v1.pdf|pdf]] * [[Jacques Pitrat]] (**1998**). //Games: The Next Challenge.// [[ICGA Journal#21_3|ICCA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Stuart_Burt|Ronald S. Burt]] (**1999**). //[[http://www.springerlink.com/content/ut87478ut6402647/|Private Games are too Dangerous]]//. [[http://faculty.chicagobooth.edu/ronald.burt/research/PGAD.pdf|pdf]] * [[Susan L. Epstein]] (**1999**). //Game Playing: The Next Moves//. [[AAAI|AAAI-99]] Proceedings, [[http://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/1999/AAAI99-193.pdf|pdf]] ==2000 ...== * [[Aviezri Fraenkel]] (**2000**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-45579-5_13|Virus Versus Mankind]]//. [[CG 2000]] * [[Alexander Nareyek]] (**2000**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/3-540-45579-5_28|Review: Intelligent Agents for Computer Games]]//. [[CG 2000]] **2001** * [[Richard K. Guy]] (**2001**). //Aviezri Fraenkel and Combinatorial Games//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_Journal_of_Combinatorics|Electronic Journal of Combinatorics]] 8 (2). [[http://www.combinatorics.org/Volume_8/PDF/v8i2i2.pdf|pdf]] * [[John H. Conway]] (**2001**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_Numbers_and_Games|On Numbers and Games]]//. 2nd edition, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_K_Peters,_Ltd.|A K Peters Ltd.]] * [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[John H. Conway]], [[Richard K. Guy]] (**2001**). //[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winning_Ways_for_your_Mathematical_Plays|Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays]]//. Vol. 1, 2nd edition, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_K_Peters,_Ltd.|A K Peters Ltd.]] **2002** * [[Richard J. Nowakowski]] (ed) (**2002**). //[[http://library.msri.org/books/Book42/|More Games of No Chance]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press|Cambridge University Press]] * [[Jaap van den Herik]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]], [[Jack van Rijswijck]] (**2002**). //Games Solved: Now and in the Future//. Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 134, Nos.1-2, pp. 277-311. ISSN 0304-3975, [[http://sites.google.com/site/javhar1/GamesSolved.zip|zipped ps]] * [[Jeroen Donkers]], [[Jos Uiterwijk]], [[Alex de Voogt]] (**2002**). //Mancala Games - Topics in Artificial Intelligence and Mathematics//. In [[Jean Retschitzki]], [[Rosita Haddad-Zubel]] (eds.) (**2002**). //Step by step//. Proceedings of the 4th colloquium Board games in academia. Edition [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Fribourg|Universitaires Fribourg Suisse]] * [[Jean Retschitzki]], [[Rosita Haddad-Zubel]] (eds.) (**2002**). //Step by step//. Proceedings of the 4th colloquium Board games in academia. Edition [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Fribourg|Universitaires Fribourg Suisse]] * [[Ingo Althöfer]] (**2002**). //Inventing Game Variants with Computer Help//. [[7th Computer Olympiad#Workshop|7th Computer Olympiad Workshop]] * [[Ingo Althöfer]], [[Raymond Georg Snatzke]] (**2002**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-540-40031-8_10|Playing Games with Multiple Choice Systems]]//. [[CG 2002]] * [[Michael Buro]] (**2002**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-40031-8_19|ORTS: A Hack-Free RTS Game Environment]]//. [[CG 2002]], [[https://skatgame.net/mburo/ps/orts.pdf|pdf]] * [[Craig A. Lindley]], [[Mirjam Eladhari]] (**2002**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-40031-8_20|Causal Normalization: A Methodology for Coherent Story Logic Design in Computer Role-Playing Games]]//. [[CG 2002]] **2003** * [[Ingo Althöfer]] (**2003**). //Computer-Aided Game Inventing//. 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Dissertation, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Jena|Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena]], [[http://www.althofer.de/erdmann-doctoral-thesis.pdf|pdf]] <ref>A central part of the thesis was published in: [[Jakob Erdmann]] (**2009**). //Chanciness: Towards a Characterization of Chance in Games.// [[ICGA Journal#32_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 32, No. 4]]</ref> * [[http://ideas.repec.org/e/ple21.html|Robert Leonard]] (**2010**). //[[http://www.cambridge.org/aus/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521562669|Von Neumann, Morgenstern, and the Creation of Game Theory]]//. From Chess to Social Science, 1900–1960 **2011** * [[Donald Knuth]] (**2011**). //[[http://www-cs-faculty.stanford.edu/~uno/fg.html|Selected Papers on Fun and Games]]//. [[http://web.stanford.edu/group/cslipublications/cslipublications/site/CSIN.shtml|CSLI lecture notes series]] 192, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press|Cambridge University Press]], ISBN 978-1-57586-584-3 * [[Ingo Althöfer]] (**2011**). //On Games with Random-Turn Order and Monte Carlo Perfectness//. [[ICGA Journal#34_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 4]] * [[Xiaocong Gan]], [[Yun Bao]], [[Zhangang Han]] (**2011**). //Real-Time Search Method in Nondeterministic Game - Ms.Pac-Man//. [[ICGA Journal#34_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 34, No. 4]] * [[Thorsten Ederer]], [[Ulf Lorenz]], [[Thomas Opfer]], [[Jan Wolf]] (**2011**). //[[http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-31866-5_23|Modeling Games with the Help of Quantified Integer Linear Programs]]//. [[Advances in Computer Games 13]] **2012** * [[Jan van Rijn]] (**2012**). //Playing Games: The complexity of Klondike, Mahjong, Nonograms and Animal Chess//. Master's thesis, [[Leiden University#LIACS|Leiden Institute of Advanced Computer Science]], [[http://www.liacs.nl/assets/2012-01JanvanRijn_2.pdf|pdf]] * [[Abdallah Saffidine]], [[Tristan Cazenave]] (**2012**). //A General Multi-Agent Modal Logic K Framework for Game Tree Search//. [[ECAI CGW 2012]] * [[Yuichiro Sato]], [[Alessandro Cincotti]], [[Hiroyuki Iida]] (**2012**). //An Analysis of Voting Algorithm in Games//. [[ECAI CGW 2012]] * [[Gabriel Synnaeve]], [[Pierre Bessière]] (**2012**). //A Bayesian Tactician//. [[ECAI CGW 2012]] **2013** * [[http://www.itufak.gu.se/english/research/researchers/staffan-bjork/|Staffan Björk]] (**2013**). //On The Foundations of Digital Games//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_Gothenburg|University of Gothenburg]], [[http://www.fdg2013.org/program/papers/paper01_bjork.pdf|pdf]] <ref>The Foundations of Digital Games covers [[Mathematician#Pascal|Blaise Pascal]], [[Mathematician#WLeibniz|Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz]], [[Mathematician#Babbage|Charles Babbage]], [[Mathematician#Lovelace|Ada Lovelace]], [[Alan Turing]], [[John von Neumann]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Condon|Edward Condon]], [[Claude Shannon]], [[Donald Michie]], and [[Donald Knuth|Donald E. Knuth]]</ref> * [[Ulf Lorenz]], [[Thomas Opfer]], [[Jan Wolf]] (**2013**). //Solution Techniques for Quantified Linear Programs and the links to Gaming//. [[CG 2013]] * [[Abdallah Saffidine]] (**2013**). //Solving Games and All That//. Ph.D. thesis, [[University of Paris#9|Université Paris-Dauphine]], advisor [[Tristan Cazenave]], [[http://cgi.cse.unsw.edu.au/~abdallahs/Papers/2013/Solving%20Games%20and%20All%20That.pdf|pdf]] <ref>[[Dap Hartmann]] (**2013**). //From to αβ to ABCD and SMAB//. Review. [[ICGA Journal#36_4|ICGA Journal, Vol. 36, No. 4]]</ref> * [[Katja Grace]] (**2013**). //Algorithmic Progress in Six Domains//. Technical report 2013-3, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machine_Intelligence_Research_Institute|Machine Intelligence Research Institute]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley,_California|Berkeley, CA]], [[http://intelligence.org/files/AlgorithmicProgress.pdf|pdf]], 5 [[Games|Game Playing]], 5.1 [[Chess]], 5.2 [[Go]], 9 [[Learning|Machine Learning]] * [[Yngvi Björnsson]], [[Stephan Schiffel]] (**2013**). //[[http://scholar.google.com/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=jRcb4G4AAAAJ&citation_for_view=jRcb4G4AAAAJ:7PzlFSSx8tAC|Comparison of GDL Reasoners]]//. [[Conferences#IJCAI2013|IJCAI 2013]] <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_Description_Language|Game Description Language from Wikipedia]]</ref> * [[http://people.ict.usc.edu/~pynadath/|David V. Pynadath]], [[Paul S. Rosenbloom]], [[http://www.ccis.northeastern.edu/people/stacy-c-marsella/|Stacy C. Marsella]], [[http://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hc/l/Li:Lingshan|Lingshan Li]] (**2013**). //Modeling Two-Player Games in the Sigma Graphical Cognitive Architecture//. [[http://dblp.uni-trier.de/db/conf/agi/agi2013.html#PynadathRML13|AGI 2013]], [[https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/52e2/c826505297a17064e5f88dedcfbf0db5b60f.pdf|pdf]] **2014** * [[Hendrik Jan Hoogeboom]], [[Walter Kosters]], [[Jan van Rijn]], [[Jonathan K. Vis]] (**2014**). //Acyclic Constraint Logic and Games//. [[ICGA Journal#37_1|ICGA Journal, Vol 37, No. 1]] * [[Ingo Althöfer]], [[http://www.math.uni-leipzig.de/~voigt/|Roland Voigt]] (**2014**). //[[http://www.springer.com/popular/book/978-3-642-55300-4|Spiele, Rätsel, Zahlen]]//. [[https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Spektrum|Springer Spektrum]], ISBN 978-3-642-55301-1, [[http://www.althofer.de/springer-buch.html|Zusatzmaterial]] (German) * [[David W. King]] (**2014**). //Complexity, Heuristic, and Search Analysis for the Games of Crossings and Epaminondas//. Masters thesis, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Force_Institute_of_Technology|Air Force Institute of Technology]], [[http://www.afit.edu/docs/AFIT-ENG-14-M-44_King.pdf|pdf]] <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crossings_%28game%29|Crossings from Wikipedia]]</ref> * [[David W. King]], [[Gilbert L. Peterson]] (**2014**). //Epaminondas: Exploring Combat Tactics//. [[ICGA Journal#37_3|ICGA Journal, Vol. 37, No. 3]] <ref> [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epaminondas_%28game%29|Epaminondas from Wikipedia]]</ref> ==2015 ...== * [[Cameron Browne]] (ed.) (**2015**). //[[http://www.cameronius.com/gapd/issues/|Game & Puzzle Design, Vol. 1, No. 1]]//. * [[Michael Hartisch]] (**2015**). //Impact of Rounding during Retrograde Analysis for a Game with Chance Nodes: Karl’s Race as a Test Case//. [[ICGA Journal#38_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2]] » [[EinStein würfelt nicht!]], [[Retrograde Analysis]] <ref>[[http://www.althofer.de/karls-race.html|Karl's Race]] A Game on [[Karl Scherer|Karl Scherer's]] Alternating Tiling by [[Ingo Althöfer]], 2006</ref> * [[Dap Hartmann]] (**2015**). //That PEGs the Question: Is it a Game?// (Review) [[ICGA Journal#38_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2]] <ref>[[http://www.uu.nl/staff/MMMPeeters/0|Marieke Peeters]] (**2014**) //Personalized Educational Games - Developing agent-supported scenario-based training//. Ph.D. thesis, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utrecht_University|Utrecht University]]</ref> * [[Ingo Althöfer]] (**2015**). //Obituary: John Nash, A Beautiful Mind has Gone//. [[ICGA Journal#38_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 38, No. 2]] » [[Mathematician#JFNash|John Nash]] <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Forbes_Nash,_Jr.|John Forbes Nash, Jr. from Wikipedia]]</ref> * [[http://dblp.uni-trier.de/pers/hc/u/Uyttendaele:Philippe|Philippe Uyttendaele]], [[Frank Thuijsman]] (**2015**). //Evolutionary Games and Local Dynamics//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Game_Theory_Review|International Game Theory Review]], Vol. 17, No. 2 * [[Johannes Heinrich]], [[Marc Lanctot]], [[David Silver]] (**2015**). //Fictitious Self-Play in Extensive-Form Games//. [[http://proceedings.mlr.press/v37/|JMLR: W&CP, Vol. 37]], [[http://proceedings.mlr.press/v37/heinrich15.pdf|pdf]] * [[Christian Wirth]], [[Johannes Fürnkranz]] (**2015**). //[[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/6861960/|On Learning From Game Annotations]]//. [[IEEE#TOCIAIGAMES|IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games]], Vol. 7, No. 3 **2016** * [[Todd W. Neller]] et al. (**2016**). //Monte Carlo Approaches to Parameterized Poker Squares//. [[CG 2016]] <ref>[[http://cs.gettysburg.edu/~tneller/games/pokersquares/eaai/|Poker Squares (a.k.a. Poker Solitaire, Poker Square, Poker Patience)]]</ref> * [[Johannes Heinrich]], [[David Silver]] (**2016**). //Deep Reinforcement Learning from Self-Play in Imperfect-Information Games//. [[https://arxiv.org/abs/1603.01121|arXiv:1603.01121]] **2017** * [[Jakub Kowalski]], [[Jakub Sutowicz]], [[Marek Szykuła]] (**2017**). //Regular Boardgames//. [[https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.02462|arXiv:1706.02462]] * [[Noah Weninger]], [[Ryan Hayward]] (**2017**). //Exploring Positional Linear Go//. [[Advances in Computer Games 15]], [[https://webdocs.cs.ualberta.ca/~hayward/papers/lgo.pdf|pdf]] * [[Jos Uiterwijk]] (**2017**). //Set Matching: An Enhancement of the Hales-Jewett Pairing Strategy//. [[Advances in Computer Games 15]], [[https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.10678|arXiv:1703.10678]] * [[Jakub Kowalski]], [[Jakub Sutowicz]], [[Marek Szykuła]] (**2017**). //Evaluating Chess-like Games Using Generated Natural Language Descriptions//. [[Advances in Computer Games 15]] * [[Enkhbold Nyamsuren]], [[Wim van der Vegt]], [[Wim Westera]] (**2017**). //[[http://dspace.ou.nl/handle/1820/8004|Automated Adaptation and Assessment in Serious Games: a Portable Tool for Supporting Learning]]//. [[Advances in Computer Games 15]] * [[Keigo Kawamura]], [[Naoki Mizukami]], [[Yoshimasa Tsuruoka]] (**2017**). //Neural Fictitious Self-Play in Imperfect Information Games with Many Players//. [[Conferences#IJCA2017|Computer Games Workshop at IJCAI 2017]], [[http://www.lamsade.dauphine.fr/~cazenave/cgw2017/Kawamura.pdf|pdf]] * [[Yasuhiko Takenaga]], [[Yo Shimada]] (**2017**). //Strategies for Single-Player PuyoPuyo//. [[ICGA Journal#39_2|ICGA Journal, Vol. 39, No. 2]] <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puyo_Puyo|Puyo Puyo from Wikipedia]]</ref> * [[Marc Lanctot]], [[Vinícius Flores Zambaldi]], [[Audrunas Gruslys]], [[Angeliki Lazaridou]], [[Karl Tuyls]], [[Julien Pérolat]], [[David Silver]], [[Thore Graepel]] (**2017**). //A Unified Game-Theoretic Approach to Multiagent Reinforcement Learning//. [[https://arxiv.org/abs/1711.00832|arXiv:1711.00832]] * [[Johannes Fürnkranz]] (**2017**). //Machine Learning and Game Playing//. in [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_Sammut|Claude Sammut]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoff_Webb|Geoffrey I. Webb]] (eds) (**2017**). //[[https://link.springer.com/referencework/10.1007%2F978-1-4899-7687-1|Encyclopedia of Machine Learning and Data Mining]]//. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Springer_Science%2BBusiness_Media|Springer]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boston|Boston, MA]] =Forum Posts= ==2005 ...== * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=17338|Variants and Board Size]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], October 25, 2007» [[Games#ChessVariants|Chess Variants]] ==2010 ...== * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?start=0&t=37634|WinBoard, exotic version]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], January 15, 2011 » [[WinBoard]] * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=40635|multi-player games thoughts]] by [[Daniel Shawul]], [[CCC]], October 05, 2011 * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=43291|New chess variants]] by [[Ferdinand Mosca]], [[CCC]], March 03, 2012 » [[Games#ChessVariants|Chess Variants]] * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=53734|for Chess-variant authors]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], September 17, 2014 » [[Chess Engine Communication Protocol]], [[WinBoard]], [[XBoard]] * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54124|XBoard and chess variants]] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], October 28, 2014 * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54162|UCCI2WB]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], October 27, 2014 » [[Chinese Chess]] (Universal Chinese Chess Interface, UCCI) * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54167|UCI protocol for chess variants]] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], October 28, 2014 » [[UCI]] ==2015 ...== * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54906|Something from the poker domain]] by [[Steven Edwards]], [[CCC]], January 09, 2015 * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56007|Most common chess variant?]] by [[Stefano Gemma]], [[CCC]], April 15, 2015 » [[Games#ChessVariants|Chess Variants]] * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=56028|Game of the Generals]] by [[Ferdinand Mosca]], [[CCC]], April 17, 2015 **2016** * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=58808|Grande Acedrex]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], January 04, 2016 * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=60387|New chess variant]] by [[Evert Glebbeek]], [[CCC]], June 06, 2016 * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61672|Photographing Chess Clock]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], October 10, 2016 **2017** * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65268|The Peace-Chess Challenge]] by [[Harm Geert Muller]], [[CCC]], September 24, 2017 » [[Games#ChessVariants|Chess Variants]] * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=65962|best board representation for variants (javascript) ?]] by [[Mahmoud Uthman]], [[CCC]], December 10, 2017 » [[Board Representation]], [[JavaScript]] **2018** * [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=66364|A Chess variant with low draw rate]] by [[Kai Laskos]], [[CCC]], January 19, 2018 » [[Games#ChessVariants|Chess Variants]] =External Links= * [[http://www.game-ai-forum.org/icga-tournaments/games.php|Games]] played at the [[Computer Olympiad]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game|Game from Wikipedia]] * [[http://www.tasplay.org/about.html|Association for the Study of Play (TASP)]] * [[http://www.cameronius.com/games/|Cameron's Games Page]] by [[Cameron Browne]] ==Type of Games== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abstract_strategy_game|Abstract strategy game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adventure_game|Adventure game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternate_reality_game|Alternate reality game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arcade_game|Arcade game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Board_game|Board game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_game|Business game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_game|Card game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casino_game|Casino game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection_game|Connection game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_game|Electronic game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First-person_shooter|First-person shooter from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gambling|Gambling from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_chance|Game of chance from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_skill|Game of skill from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German-style_board_game|German-style board game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kriegsspiel_%28wargame%29|Kriegsspiel (wargame) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_dice_games|List of dice games from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancala|Mancala games from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_game|Massively multiplayer online game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Massively_multiplayer_online_role-playing_game|Massively multiplayer online role-playing game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_game|Mathematical game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_puzzle|Mathematical puzzle from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_games|Mind games from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-armed_bandit|Multi-armed bandit from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplayer_video_game|Multiplayer video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_game|Online game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paper-and-pencil_game|Paper-and-pencil game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinball|Pinball from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puzzle|Puzzle from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Real-time_strategy|Real-time strategy from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Redemption_game|Redemption game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role-playing_game|Role-playing game (RPG) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Role-playing_video_game|Role-playing video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shooter_game|Shooter game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_game|Simulation game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simulation_video_game|Simulation video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slot_machine|Slot machine from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_game|Sports game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategy_game|Strategy game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategy_video_game|Strategy video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabletop_game|Tabletop game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tile-based_game|Tile-based game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game|Video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wargaming|Wargaming from Wikipedia]] ==Sport== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Olympic_Games|Ancient Olympic Games from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_boxing|Chess boxing from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_Olympiad|Chess Olympiad from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_sport|Memory sport from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_sport|Mind sport from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mind_Sports_Organisation|Mind Sports Organisation from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olympic_Games|Olympic Games from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport|Sport from Wikipedia]] ===Cue sports=== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cue_sports|Cue sports from Wikipedia]] * [[http://www.stanford.edu/group/billiards/index.html|International Computational Billiards Championships]] from [[http://www.stanford.edu/group/billiards/stanfordbilliards.html|Stanford Computational Billiards]] ===Robot sports=== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot_competition|Robot competition from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RoboCup|RoboCup from Wikipedia]] ==Game theory== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algorithmic_game_theory|Algorithmic game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centipede_game_%28game_theory%29|Centipede game (game theory) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatorial_game_theory|Combinatorial game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://www.ics.uci.edu/~eppstein/cgt/|Combinatorial Game Theory]] by [[David Eppstein]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Complete_information|Complete information from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_game|Continuous game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cooperative_game|Cooperative game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Determinacy|Determinacy from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_game|Differential game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_game_theory|Evolutionary game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionarily_stable_strategy|Evolutionarily stable strategy from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensive-form_game|Extensive-form game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folk_theorem_%28game_theory%29|Folk theorem (game theory) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_theory|Game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_game_theory|Glossary of game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impartial_game|Impartial game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_games_in_game_theory|List of games in game theory from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metagaming|Metagaming from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nash_equilibrium|Nash equilibrium from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-cooperative_game|Non-cooperative game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partisan_game|Partisan game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perfect_information|Perfect information from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prisoner%27s_dilemma|Prisoner's dilemma from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pursuit-evasion|Pursuit-evasion from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeated_game|Repeated game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-confirming_equilibrium|Self-confirming equilibrium from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequential_game|Sequential game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situation_awareness|Situation awareness from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stochastic_game|Stochastic game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategy_%28game_theory%29|Strategy (game theory) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strategic_dominance|Strategic dominance from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symmetric_game|Symmetric game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tit_for_tat|Tit for tat from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unscrupulous_diner%27s_dilemma|Unscrupulous diner's dilemma from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero%E2%80%93sum_game|Zero–sum game from Wikipedia]] ==[[Complexity to include|Complexity]]== [[include page="Complexity to include"]] ==Player== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gamer|Gamer from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kibitzer|Kibitzer from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiplayer_game|Multiplayer game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-player_game|n-player game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Player_%28game%29|Player (game) from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-player_video_game|Single-player video game from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-player_game|Two-player game from Wikipedia]] ==Agents== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent-based_model|Agent-based model]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agent_%28economics%29|Agent (economics)]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligent_agent|Intelligent agent]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-agent_system|Multi-agent system]] ==Games Scholars== * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Charles_Bell|Robert Charles Bell from Wikipedia]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Parlett|David Parlett from Wikipedia]] ==Workshops & Events== ===[[Ingo Althöfer reports to include|Ingo Althöfer]]=== [[include page="Ingo Althöfer reports to include"]] ===Game Theory=== * [[http://www.birs.ca/events/2008/5-day-workshops/08w5075|Combinatorial Game Theory 2008]], [[http://www.birs.ca/|Banff International Research Station]], [[https://picasaweb.google.com/richmlow/BanffInternationalResearchStation#|richmlow - Picasa]] > [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[Noam Elkies]], [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Philip Henderson]], [[Martin Müller]] et al. * [[http://www.birs.ca/events/2011/5-day-workshops/11w5073|Combinatorial Game Theory 2011]], [[http://www.birs.ca/|Banff International Research Station]] > [[Elwyn Berlekamp]], [[Tristan Cazenave]], [[Aviezri Fraenkel]], [[Martin Müller]] et al. ==[[Organizations]]== * [[http://iagoweb.com/docs/index|International Abstract Games Organization]] * [[http://ilk.uvt.nl/icga/|International Computer Games Association]] » [[ICGA]] * [[http://www.igda.org/|International Game Developers Association (IGDA)]] » [[François-Dominic Laramée]] * [[http://www.gamesmuseum.uwaterloo.ca/index.htm|Elliott Avedon Virtual Museum of Games]], [[University of Waterloo]] ==Online== * [[http://www.littlegolem.net/jsp/|Little Golem - online board games]] by [[http://sk.linkedin.com/in/malaschitz|Richard Malaschitz]] * [[http://www.edcollins.com/golem/|Little Golem - FAQ]] by [[http://www.edcollins.com/index.html|Edward D. Collins]] ==Blogs== * [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/designing-the-best-board-game-on-the-planet/|Designing The Best Board Game On The Planet | FiveThirtyEight]] by [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/oliver-roeder/|Oliver Roeder]], December 31, 2014 * [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/the-worst-board-games-ever-invented/|The Worst Board Games Ever Invented | FiveThirtyEight]] by [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/oliver-roeder/|Oliver Roeder]], January 08, 2015 * [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/features/computers-are-learning-how-to-treat-cancer-and-diabetes-by-playing-poker-and-atari/|Computers Are Learning How To Treat Cancer And Diabetes By Playing Poker And Atari | FiveThirtyEight]] by [[http://fivethirtyeight.com/contributors/oliver-roeder/|Oliver Roeder]], January 20, 2015 <ref>[[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=54906&start=4|Re: Something from the poker domain]] by [[Adam Hair]], [[CCC]], January 20, 2015</ref> ==Misc== * [[http://www.aaai.org/aitopics/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/AITopics/MoreGames|AITopics / More Games]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solved_game|Solved game from Wikipedia]] * [[http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/logic-games/|Logic and Games (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy)]] * [[http://www.pnas.org/site/misc/classics5.shtml|Game Theory - The Mathematics of Strategy]] by [[http://www.nasw.org/users/klarreich/|Erica Klarreich]] * [[http://history.chess.free.fr/library.htm|The Chess and Games Library]] by [[http://history.chess.free.fr/biographie.htm|Jean-Louis Cazaux]] * [[http://www.cameronius.com/games/|Cameron's Games Page]] by [[Cameron Browne]] * [[http://www.digenetics.com/|Digenetics - the Evolution Has Begun]] * [[http://www.geometrygames.org/TorusGames/index.html.en|Torus Games]] - players who master the games on the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torus|Torus]] may move on to try them on the more challenging [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klein_bottle|Klein bottle]] <ref>[[http://www.kleinbottle.com/whats_a_klein_bottle.htm|Klein bottle]]</ref> * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BoardGameGeek|BoardGameGeek from Wikipedia]] * [[http://thebiggamehunter.com/|The Big Game Hunter | Games old and new — the history, the products, the companies and the people involved with board games, card games, skill & action games and parlor games]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life|Conway's Game of Life]] * [[http://www.3-hirn-verlag.de/|3-Hirn-Verlag]] by [[Ingo Althöfer]], Games, Books and Software (German) > [[http://www.althofer.de/dawn-11-15.html|DAWN 11/15 A game of strategy for two players, on the current asteroid mission of NASA]] by [[Ingo Althöfer]] * [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger|Hans Magnus Enzensberger]] (**1997**). [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Number_Devil|The Number Devil]] (German: Der Zahlenteufel) > [[image:Zahlenteufel.jpg link="https://www.hanser-literaturverlage.de/buch/der-zahlenteufel/978-3-446-18900-3/"]] * [[Videos#ChickCorea|Chick Corea]] - What Game Shall We Play Today, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Return_to_Forever_(Chick_Corea_album)|Return To Forever]] debut album of [[Videos#ReturntoForever|Return to Forever]], 1972, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube|YouTube]] Video > featuring [[Videos#StanleyClarke|Stanley Clarke]], [[Videos#FloraPurim|Flora Purim]], [[Videos#AirtoMoreira|Airto Moreira]], and [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Farrell|Joe Farell]] > [[media type="youtube" key="ZyqyROM6Shw"]] * [[Videos#Casiopea|Casiopea vs. The Square]] - Eccentric Games, [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/YouTube|YouTube]] Video > [[media type="custom" key="24396902"]] =References= <references /> **[[Home|Up one Level]]**