SciSys Leonardo

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|| [[image:Scisys_Leonardo.JPG width="340" link="http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html"]] ||~   || **SciSys Leonardo**, (Kasparov Leonardo)
a [[Dedicated Chess Computers|dedicated chess computer]] by [[Saitek|SciSys]] released in 1986, featuring a full sized wooden magnetic [[Sensory Board|sensory board]] with file and rank [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode|LEDs]], expandable with [[Module|modules]] with own processors and programs. Opposed to other dedicated modular chess systems, the Leonardo already had a basic program on board - written by [[Julio Kaplan]] and [[Craig Barnes]] of [[Heuristic Software]], running on a [[6800]] compatible [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hitachi|Hitachi]] [[6800#6301|6301Y]] controller, which was also the program of the none modular //SciSys Turbo S-24K// <ref>[[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/SciSys_Turbo_S-24K|SciSys Turbo S-24K]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)</ref> .  ||
|| Leonardo with [[Saitek Maestro|Maestro]] module <ref>Image of [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html|Leonardo]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref> ||~   ||^   ||
[[toc]]
=Tournaments= 
SciSys Leonardo played the [[Aegon 1986]] with two wins and a draw, and the [[Aegon 1987]] where it drew two games out of six.
[[#OSA]]
=OSA=
SciSys' or [[Saitek|Saitek's]] //Open System Architecture// (OSA) implements a [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_communication|serial connection]] of the Leonardo, or its subsequent models Galileo or Renaissance to [[Hardware#Home|home computers]] or [[IBM PC|PCs]]. The OSA link cable [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAX232|converts]] [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor%E2%80%93transistor_logic|TTL]] to [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-232|RS-232]] levels and vice versa <ref>[[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_Link_Cable|OSA Link Cable]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]]</ref> <ref>[[Saitek]] (**1987**). //Connection Cable for Leonardo Chess Computer  - The Link: Leonardo's OSA connection to computers and printers//. [[http://alain.zanchetta.free.fr/docs/Saitek/OsaCableUS.pdf|pdf]] hosted by [[Alain Zanchetta]]</ref>. This allows to use the [[Sensory Board|sensory board]] as [[Entering Moves|move input device]] of chess program [[GUI|GUIs]] such as [[Arena]] <ref>[[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_for_Arena|OSA]] for [[Arena]] © 2009-2012 [[Achim Pietig]], hosted by [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]]</ref>, or the dedicated [[User Interface|user interfaces]] like [[Gavon]].
[[#Galileo]]
=Saitek Galileo=
In 1988, one year after SciSys became [[Saitek]], the Leonardo was renamed the Galileo for copyright reasons and the machine was upgraded for faster response <ref>[[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html|Leonardo]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref> .
[[#Renaissance]]
=Saitek Renaissance=
In 1989, the Renaissance board appeared with almost the same base program and featuring [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquid-crystal_display|LCD]] and 9x9 square indicator LEDs - four sorrounding each square, and analyse and autoplayer modes. 

|| [[image:gavon_renaissence.jpg width="340" link="Gavon#Renaissance"]] ||
|| Saitek Renaissance OSA-linked with [[Gavon#Renaissance|Gavon]] <ref>[[Gavon]] image courtesy [[Josu Bergara Ede]]</ref>  ||

=Modules= 
||~ Module ||~ Release ||~ Authors ||~ Processor ||~ MHz ||~ ROM [KiB] ||~ RAM [KiB] ||
|| [[Saitek Analyst]] || 1989 || [[Julio Kaplan]], [[Craig Barnes]] || [[6502|65C02]] ||> 4-10 ||> A-D, D+, [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B|D++]], 40-216 ||> 16 ||
|| [[Saitek Maestro]] || 1989 || [[Julio Kaplan]], [[Craig Barnes]] || [[6502|65C02]] ||> 4-10 ||> A-D, D+, [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B|D++]], 40-216 ||> 16 ||
|| [[Saitek Brute Force]] || 1992 || [[Frans Morsch]] || [[H8]] ||> 10 ||> 32 ||> 257 ||
|| [[Kasparov Sparc|Saitek Sparc]] <ref>Due to [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply|power supply]] issues, the [[Kasparov Sparc|Sparc]] module was only compatible in later or modified Renaissance boards, [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_sparc.html|Saitek Renaissance Sparc]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]</ref> || 1993 || [[Kathe Spracklen|Kathe]] and [[Dan Spracklen]] || [[SPARC]] ||> 20 ||> 256 ||> 1024 - 4096 ||

=See also= 
* [[Various Classifications#GivenName|Given Name]]
* [[Leonardo Torres y Quevedo]]
* [[Mathematician#Fibonacci|Mathematician | Leonardo Fibonacci]]
* [[Mathematician#Leonardo|Mathematician | Leonardo da Vinci]]
* [[Mathematician#GalileoGalilei|Mathematician | Galileo Galilei]]
* [[Sensory Board]]

=Publications= 
* [[Saitek|SciSys]] (**1986**). //SciSys (preprint!) – New For Spring 1986//. [[http://www.schaakcomputers.nl/hein_veldhuis/database/files/10-0000%20SciSys%20brochure%20-%20New%20for%20Spring%201986.pdf|pdf]] hosted by [[Hein Veldhuis]]
* [[Saitek]] (**1987**). //Connection Cable for Leonardo Chess Computer  - The Link: Leonardo's OSA connection to computers and printers//. [[http://alain.zanchetta.free.fr/docs/Saitek/OsaCableUS.pdf|pdf]] hosted by [[Alain Zanchetta]]
* [[Frederic Friedel]] (**1989**). //Auto-Analyse und TPA - Die neuen Funktionen des Kasparov Renaissance//. [[Computerschach und Spiele]], No. 5, 1989 (German), in [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Renaissance|Saitek Renaissance]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] 
* [[Thorsten Czub]], [[Dirk Frickenschmidt]] (**1992**). //[[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B|Die Experimentalen D+ und D++]]//. [[http://www.thorstenczub.de/scw.html|Schachcomputerwelt]] 2/92, also in [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B|Saitek D++]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)

=Forum Posts= 
* [[http://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=51309|Old LEONARDO chess computer help?]] by Robert Howard, [[CCC]], May 10, 1999
* [[http://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=423666|Renaissance or Galileo board ?]] by Alan Grotier, [[CCC]], April 30, 2005
* [[http://www.stmintz.com/ccc/index.php?id=491374|Collector's Corner..Saitek Renaissance?]] by [[Steve Blincoe|Steve B]], [[CCC]], March 04, 2006
* [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=14102|Collector's corner: Saitek Renaissance board version?]] by [[Dr. Axel Schumacher]], [[CCC]], May 29, 2007
* [[http://www.hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=6751|Scisys Leonardo story and info requested]] by Brian B, [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], June 18, 2014
* [[http://www.hiarcs.net/forums/viewtopic.php?t=7103|Leonardos revenge]] by Brutus, [[Computer Chess Forums|Hiarcs Forum]], March 19, 2015

=External Links= 
==Chess Computers== 
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Modulare_Serie|Saitek Modulare Serie]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
===Leonardo===
* [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/leonardo.html|Leonardo]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/SciSys_Leonardo|SciSys Leonardo]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Leonardo_TurboKit|Saitek Leonardo TurboKit]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German) » [[6502#TK20|6502 TurboKit TK20]]
===Galileo===
* [[http://saitekgalileo.blogspot.com/|Saitek Galileo & Brute Force Module]] by [[Bryan Whitby]], April 21, 2007
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Galileo|Saitek Galileo]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
===Renaissance===
* [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_brute_force.html|Saitek Renaissance Brute Force]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/html/saitek_renaissance_sparc.html|Saitek Renaissance Sparc]] from [[http://www.chesscomputeruk.com/index.html|Chess Computer UK]] by [[Mike Watters]]
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Renaissance|Saitek Renaissance]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
==OSA== 
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_Link_Cable|OSA Link Cable]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]]
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/OSA_for_Arena|OSA]] for [[Arena]] © 2009-2012 [[Achim Pietig]], hosted by [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]]
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_OSA_Link|Saitek OSA Link]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
==Modules== 
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Analyst|Saitek Analyst]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Maestro|Saitek Maestro]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_D%2B%2B|Saitek D++]] [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Brute_Force|Saitek Brute Force]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
* [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Saitek_Sparc|Saitek Sparc]] from [[http://www.schach-computer.info/wiki/index.php/Hauptseite_En|Schachcomputer.info Wiki]] (German)
==Misc==
===Leonardo===
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo|Leonardo from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibonacci|Leonardo Fibonacci from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci|Leonardo da Vinci from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonardo_Torres_y_Quevedo|Leonardo Torres y Quevedo from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Chess|Leonard Chess from Wikipedia]]
===Galileo===
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_%28disambiguation%29|Galileo (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei|Galileo Galilei from Wikipedia]]
===Renaissance===
* [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/renaissance|renaissance - Wiktionary]]
* [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Renaissance|Renaissance - Wiktionary]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_%28disambiguation%29|Renaissance (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Renaissance|The Renaissance from Wikipedia]]

=References= 
<references />
=What links here?= 
[[include component="backlinks" page="SciSys Leonardo" limit="20"]]
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