space

**[[Home]] * [[Evaluation]] * Space**
|| [[image:HyperboloidOfOneSheet.svg.png link="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HyperboloidOfOneSheet.svg"]] ||~ || **Space**,
a loosely defined evaluation feature related to [[Square Control|square control]], in particular [[Center Control|center control]] considered by [[Piece-Square Tables|piece placement]] dependent on [[Pawn Structure|pawn structure]]. A player controlling more squares than the other is said to have a spatial advantage <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#Space|Glossary of chess - Space]]</ref>. [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch|Tarrasch's]] concept of force, space and time <ref>[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siegbert_Tarrasch|Siegbert Tarrasch]] (**1931**). //[[http://www.amazon.de/Das-Schachspiel-Originalfassung-Siegbert-Tarrasch/dp/3938484845|Das Schachspiel]]//. Die Eröffnung I. Allgemeiner Teil Die Kräfte, Der Raum, Die Zeit (German)</ref> and their equivalence (to some extend) is considered by [[Material|material]] (force), piece placement and center control (space) and roughly by [[Mobility|mobility]] (space and time). ||
||  [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-de_Sitter_space|Anti-de Sitter space]] <ref>Image of (1 + 1)-dimensional [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-de_Sitter_space|anti-de Sitter space]] embedded in flat (1 + 2)-dimensional space. The t1- and t2-axes lie in the plane of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotational_symmetry|rotational symmetry]], and the x1-axis is [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_(geometry)|normal]] to that plane. The embedded surface contains closed timelike curves circling the x1 axis, though these can be eliminated by "unrolling" the embedding (more precisely, by taking the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Covering_space#Universal_covers|universal cover]]) - Description from  [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-de_Sitter_space|Anti-de Sitter space from Wikipedia]] - [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:HyperboloidOfOneSheet.svg|Image]] "[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperboloid|Hyperboloid]] of one Sheet" by [[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Krishnavedala|Krishnavedala]], May 23, 2011, [[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/deed.en|CC BY-SA 3.0]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons|Wikimedia Commons]]</ref> ||~ ||^ ||
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=Implementations=
Some programs have explicit evaluation terms concerning space. For instance, [[Stockfish|Stockfish]] defines a space area bonus by the number of safe squares for minor pieces on the central four files on ranks 2 to 4, counting twice if on a [[Pawn Spans|rearspan]] of an own pawn. The space area bonus is multiplied by a weight, determined by the number of own pieces minus number of open files <ref>[[https://hxim.github.io/Stockfish-Evaluation-Guide/|Stockfish Evaluation Guide]] Space area, Space</ref>. [[Toga|Toga II]] 3.0 gives a non-linear bonus for pieces on the opponent half of the board - the more the better <ref>[[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61064&start=4|Re: Calculating space]] by [[Pawel Koziol]], [[CCC]], August 08, 2016</ref>. [[Senpai|Senpai 2.0]] considers space by the "glorified" [[Pawn chain|pawn chain]] [[Piece-Square Tables|piece-square tables]] <ref>[[http://www.chessprogramming.net/senpai/|Senpai – Chess Programming]]</ref>.

=See also=
* [[Center Control]]
* [[Development]]
* [[Distance]]
* [[Direction]]
* [[Mobility]]
* [[Pawn chain]]
* [[Piece-Square Tables]]
* [[Search Space]]
* [[Space-Time Tradeoff]]
* [[Square Control]]
* [[Tempo]]

=Blog & Forum Posts=
* [[https://www.chess.com/article/view/space-and-the-attack|Space and the Attack]] by [[https://www.chess.com/member/bryansmith|Bryan Smith]], [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess.com|Chess.com]],  December 08, 2011,
* [[http://chessskill.blogspot.com/2013/06/space.html|Space]] by [[https://www.blogger.com/profile/13437334325501974461|James Stripes]], [[http://chessskill.blogspot.com/|ChessSkill Blog]], June 22, 2013
* [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61064|Calculating space]] by [[Shawn Chidester]], [[CCC]], August 07, 2016
> [[http://www.talkchess.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=61064&start=4|Re: Calculating space]] by [[Pawel Koziol]], [[CCC]], August 08, 2016

=External Links=
==Space in Chess==
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chess_strategy#Space|Chess strategy  - Space | Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_chess#Space|Glossary of chess - Space | Wikipedia]]
==Chess in Space==
* [[https://sites.google.com/site/caroluschess/modern-history/chess-in-space|Chess in Space - NASA 1970 First Chess Experiments]] from [[https://sites.google.com/site/caroluschess/home|Carolus Chess]] » [[Daly CP]]
* [[https://en.chessbase.com/post/che-in-space-houston-we-have-a-checkmate|Chess in Space: Houston, we have a checkmate]], [[ChessBase|ChessBase News]], August 29, 2008
* [[https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/expeditions/expedition17/earth_v_space_chess.html|NASA - First Earth vs. Space Chess Match Ends – Earth Wins]] by [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Chamitoff|Greg Chamitoff]], December 16, 2009
==Space elsewhere==
* [[https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/space|space - Wiktionary]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space|Space from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_(disambiguation)|Space (disambiguation) from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_(mathematics)|Space (mathematics) from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_space|Euclidean space from Wikipedia]]
> [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two-dimensional_space|Two-dimensional space from Wikipedia]]
> [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-dimensional_space|Three-dimensional space from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_(punctuation)|Space (punctuation) from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh%C3%B4ra|Khôra from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_rock|Space rock from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacetime|Spacetime from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Address_space|Address space from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calculating_Space|Calculating Space from Wikipedia]] » [[Konrad Zuse]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memory_space|Memory space from Wikipedia]] » [[Memory]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_space|Mental space from Wikipedia]] 
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outer_space|Outer space from Wikipedia]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Search_space|Search space from Wikipedia]] » [[Search Space]]
* [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_space|State space from Wikipedia]]

=References= 
<references />
=What links here?= 
[[include page="Space" component="backlinks" limit="40"]]
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