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Ares

GerdIsenberg — Thu, 09 Jun 2016 09:39:02 GMT

Home * Engines * Ares

		Ares, a chess program of the early 90s by Frans van Gool and Erik Leenders written in ANSI C. Ares played three Dutch Open Computer Chess Championships, the DOCCC 1990, the DOCCC 1991 and the DOCCC 1992, running on a SUN-SPARCstation 670 ^[1] , as well in the C-Language Division of Don Beal's Uniform-Platform Computer Chess Championship in 1992.
Ares ^[2]

Namesake

Ares by Charles Roberson ^[3]

External Links

References

^ Deelnemers NK Computerschaak 1992 by Dennis Breuker
^ Helmeted young warrior, so-called Ares. Roman copy from a Greek original—this is a plaster replica, the original is now stored in the Museum of the Villa Canope at the Villa Adriana in Tivoli, Ares from Wikipedia
^ Ares 1.0 in honor of the NASA Ares I-X Space Rocket by Charles Roberson, CCC, October 31, 2009

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Ares	Jun 9, 2016
Ares US	Sep 20, 2016
DOCCC 1990	Aug 15, 2015
DOCCC 1991	Aug 15, 2015
DOCCC 1992	Dec 12, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Frans van Gool	Nov 4, 2015
UPCCC 1992	Mar 9, 2012

Up one Level

Ares US

GerdIsenberg — Tue, 20 Sep 2016 20:47:18 GMT

Home * Engines * Ares

		Ares, an UCI compliant chess engine by Charles Roberson released in 2009 in honor of the NASA Ares I-X space rocket ^[1]. It runs under Windows and was developed under Linux.
Ares I-X ^[2]

Namesake

Ares by Frans van Gool and Erik Leenders

Forum Posts

Ares 1.0 in honor of the NASA Ares I-X Space Rocket by Charles Roberson, CCC, October 31, 2009
Test tournament: Ares by Harun Taner, CCC, December 22, 2009
Ares 1.004 by Charles Roberson, CCC, April 24, 2010
Ares 1.004 : 2273 - ChessMind 0.80 : 2049 by Patrick Buchmann, CCC, May 01, 2010 » ChessMind
Ares 1.005 available by Charles Roberson, CCC, May 23, 2014
New Ares Coming by Charles Roberson, CCC, October 28, 2015

External Links

Chess Engine

Ares Chess 1.005.2 by Charles Roberson
Ares Chess 1.005 by Charles Roberson
Charles Roberson Ares-Page hosted by Thorsten Czub
Ares 1.005 64-bit in CCRL 40/40

Misc

References

^ Ares 1.0 in honor of the NASA Ares I-X Space Rocket by Charles Roberson, CCC, October 31, 2009
^ Rollout of Ares I-X at Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39 secured by four bolts on a mobile launcher platform, Author: NASA/Kim Shiflett, Source: NASA Kennedy Media Gallery, Ares I-X from WIkipedia

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Ares	Jun 9, 2016
Ares US	Sep 20, 2016
Charles Roberson	Jan 7, 2016
ChessMind	Sep 20, 2016
Engine releases	Apr 23, 2018
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Harun Taner	May 17, 2015
NoonianChess	Jan 7, 2016
Telepath	Jul 14, 2014

Up one Level

Armageddon

GerdIsenberg — Fri, 24 Jan 2014 20:05:18 GMT

Home * Engines * Armageddon

		Armageddon, a Polish chess program, a WinBoard compliant engine, optionally with an own GUI, written by Grzegorz Sidorowicz. Its first release comes from December 31, 1999, and the name is a pun based on prediction that the world would end in 2000 ^[1] . Armageddon regularly played the Polish Computer Chess Championship and became runner up at the PCCC 2002 and PCCC 2003. It further participated at the CCT3, CCT4 and CCT5 on-line tournaments.
The Last Judgment ^[2]

Selected Games

PCCC 2002, round 6, Belzebub - Armageddon ^[3]

[Event "PCCC 2002"]
[Site "Lodz"]
[Date "2002.09.14"]
[Round "6"]
[White "Belzebub"]
[Black "Armageddon"]
[Result "0-1"]
 
1.Nf3 d5 2.e3 Nf6 3.d4 g6 4.Nc3 e6 5.Bd3 c5 6.O-O c4 7.Be2 Bb4 8.a3 Bxc3
9.bxc3 Ne4 10.Bb2 Qa5 11.Qe1 O-O 12.Ne5 f6 13.Ng4 e5 14.dxe5 Bxg4 15.Bxg4
fxe5 16.Be6+ Kg7 17.Rb1 Ng5 18.Bg4 Nc6 19.f3 h5 20.Bd7 Nb8 21.Bh3 Nxh3+
22.gxh3 Nc6 23.e4 dxe4 24.fxe4 Rxf1+ 25.Kxf1 Qa4 26.Qd2 Rd8 27.Qe2 Qb5
28.Kg1 Rf8 29.Kh1 b6 30.Qd2 Qc5 31.Qd7+ Rf7 32.Qd5 Qe3 33.Qxc4 Qf3+ 34.Kg1
Qf2+ 35.Kh1 Qxc2 36.Re1 Rf2 37.Qf1 Rxf1+ 38.Rxf1 Qxb2 39.h4 Qxc3 40.Kg2
Qxa3 41.Rf3 Qb4 42.h3 Qxe4 43.Kg3 Nd4 44.Rf2 Qh1 45.Rg2 Qe1+ 46.Rf2 Qg1+
47.Rg2 Nf5+ 48.Kf3 Qe3# 0-1

Namesake

Armageddon based on Fire 1.31 by Djordje Kasabasic ^[4]

Forum Posts

Armageddon Chess 1.0 by Martin Grabriel, CCC, January 04, 2000
New Armageddon Chess II (2.131) by Grzegorz Sidorowicz, CCC, May 24, 2002
Armageddon by Grzegorz Sidorowicz, CCC, September 02, 2003

External Links

Chess Engine

Armageddon

Time Problems

References

^ Year 2000 problem from Wikipedia
^ The Last Judgment [detail] by Hieronymus Bosch, after 1482
^ I Mistrzostwa Polski Programów Szachowych Partie (PGN)
^ Home - Armageddon Chess

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Armageddon	Jan 24, 2014
CCT3	Feb 14, 2013
CCT4	Apr 22, 2013
CCT5	Feb 22, 2013
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Grzegorz Sidorowicz	Mar 13, 2013
IOPCCC 2007	Nov 19, 2016
Matant	Aug 14, 2013
PCCC 2002	Mar 14, 2013
PCCC 2003	Mar 13, 2013
PCCC 2004	Jun 16, 2013
PCCC 2006	Mar 12, 2013
PCCC 2009	Mar 11, 2013
PCCC 2010	Aug 9, 2016
PCCC 2011	Mar 12, 2013
PCCC 2012	Mar 11, 2013
Porucznik	Apr 15, 2014

Up one Level

Atlas

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 05 Nov 2017 10:23:37 GMT

Home * Engines * Atlas

		Atlas, an early chess program written in 1967 by Alex Bell at Atlas Computer Laboratory, Chilton. It was basically a resurrected, cleaned up Algol version of Bell's and Barricelli's old program from the early 60s to test evolutionary theories, which had an evaluation function based purely on mobility - at that time the first fully legal chess program to run in England ^[1], and likely also the base of Barricelli's WCCC 1974 entry Freedom. Atlas, running on an ICL Atlas computer ^[2], looked three plies ahead with alpha-beta, and would accept almost any captures in that depth with weighting on swaps of the more powerful pieces, i.e. it would always swap a queen for a queen. If no captures were present it prepared to castle or mini-maximised its mobility. A slight modification prevented it from moving its queen in the first 5 moves ^[3]. Atlas played a few sparring games against Lancaster ^[4], John Scott's program, then dubbed "Scott" ^[5], and largely suffered from horizon effect.
Atlas and the Hesperides ^[6]

Move Generation

A description of Atlas' move generation techniques along with a mate-in-two solver is given with Algol source code listing in Games Playing with Computers, 3.1 Chess ^[7]. Atlas uses two distinct 8x8 boards [1:65] and piece lists [O:16] for white and black man with identical piece coding, passing the boards per reference as 'mymanin' or 'opponents' dependent on side to move. Pre-calculated rook and bishop tables contain one vector of direction increments, i.e. east (+1), west (-1), north (+8), and south (-8) for rooks, and further for each square a vector of ray-direction terminal destination squares. The embedded routine 'rookorbishopmove' in scope of the outer move generation routine loops over all four directions, gets increment and terminal target square from the rook or bishop table, and iterates the destination along the ray. Inside the ray-loop it tests whether the target is occupied by an own man, to terminate the ray-loop, otherwise it stores the move, and then tests to break after a capture or even an illegal king capture with an extra exit 'cutoff'.

procedure rookorbishopmove(rookorbishop);
  integer array rookorbishop;
  begin 
    for j := 0 step 1 until 3 do
    begin 
      k := rookorbishop[j]; k is increment:
      l := rookorbishop[4 * square + j]; l is terminal square
      for i := square + k step k until l do 
      begin 
        if mymanin[i] ≠ 0 then goto newdirection;
        c := c+1;
        moves[c] := i;
        if opponents[i] ≠ 0 then 
        begin
          if opponents[i] = 6 then goto cutoff else goto newdirection
        end
      end;
newdirection:
    end
  end of rookorbishopmove;

Master

In the early 70s, Atlas evolved to Master in collaboration with Peter Kent, and later with John Birmingham and chess expert John Waldron, while Alex Bell finally left Chilton.

Namesake

Atlas by Andrés Manzanares Campillo

Publications

Alex Bell (1972). Games Playing with Computers. Allen & Unwin, index
Alex Bell (1978). The Machine Plays Chess? Pergamon Press, amazon

External Links

Chess Program

Games Playing with Computers | Chapter 3: Board Games, in Alex Bell (1972). Games Playing with Computers. Allen & Unwin
MASTER at IFIPS. Excerpt from Alex Bell (1978). The Machine Plays Chess?. Pergamon Press, hosted by Atlas Computer Laboratory from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)

Misc

References

^ MASTER at IFIPS. Excerpt from Alex Bell (1978). The Machine Plays Chess?. Pergamon Press, hosted by Atlas Computer Laboratory from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)
^ Atlas Computer Laboratory, hosted by Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)
^ MASTER at IFIPS. Excerpt from Alex Bell (1978). The Machine Plays Chess?. Pergamon Press, hosted by Atlas Computer Laboratory from Rutherford Appleton Laboratory (RAL)
^ John J. Scott (1969). Lancaster vs. Mac Hack. ACM SIGART Bulletin, Vol. 16
^ Chess programs: Scott from Alex Bell (1972). Games Playing with Computers. Allen & Unwin
^ Atlas and the Hesperides by John Singer Sargent, between circa 1922 and circa 1925, current location: Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, Wikimedia Commons
^ Games Playing with Computers | Chapter 3: Board Games, in Alex Bell (1972). Games Playing with Computers. Allen & Unwin

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Alex Bell	Mar 1, 2017
AtlanChess	Sep 15, 2016
Atlas	Nov 5, 2017
Atlas (ESP)	Jan 28, 2018
Atlas Computer Laboratory	Feb 10, 2015
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
John J. Scott	Aug 30, 2016
Lancaster	Aug 30, 2016
Master	Dec 28, 2017
Move Generation	Jan 29, 2018
Peter Kent	Jan 7, 2016
Table-driven Move Generation	Feb 19, 2017

Up one Level

Atlas (ESP)

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 28 Jan 2018 09:27:00 GMT

Home * Engines * Atlas

		Atlas, an UCI compliant chess engine by Andrés Manzanares Campillo written in C++, with executables running under Linux and Windows. The development of Atlas started in 2004, initially representing the board as 0x88 vector attacks mailbox along with piece-lists, supporting WinBoard, and written in C. Atlas 2.90 was a complete rewrite released in June 2011, a bitboard approach only supporting UCI ^[1].
Sculpture of Atlas ^[2]

Features

^[3]

Board Representation

Search

Iterative Deepening
Aspiration Windows (unsymmetrical)
Principal Variation Search
Quiescence Search
Null Move Pruning with R==3 and Verification
Futility Pruning
SEE Pruning
Late Move Reductions
Check Extensions
Singular Extensions (3.90)
Transposition Table
History Heuristic

Evaluation

Namesake

Atlas by Alex Bell

Forum Posts

2005 ...

Atlas 2 Winboard Engine crashes in Arena GUI by Marc Darius, Winboard Forum, April 20, 2005
Atlas 2.20 hash usage by Graham Banks, Winboard Forum, August 27, 2006
Confused with Atlas 2.20- Help Appreciated by George Speight, Winboard Forum, January 12, 2007

2010 ...

Atlas 3.60 Release by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, November 18, 2013
Atlas 3.70em Release by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, July 20, 2014

2015 ...

Atlas 3.80 release by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, February 06, 2015
Atlas 3.90 release by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, January 22, 2018
Atlas 3.91 (bugfix version) by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, January 26, 2018

External Links

Chess Engine

Misc

References

^ Progreso - Atlas
^ Sculpture of Atlas, Praza do Toural, Santiago de Compostela, Photo by Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez, October 18, 2005, CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons, Atlas (mythology) from Wikipedia
^ Features of Atlas 3.80 based on Atlas - Home and Atlas 3.80 release by Andrés Manzanares, CCC, February 06, 2015
^ Atlas - Home - Agradecimientos

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Andrés Manzanares Campillo	Nov 6, 2017
Atlas	Nov 5, 2017
Atlas (ESP)	Jan 28, 2018
Engine releases	Apr 23, 2018
Engines	Mar 10, 2018

Up one Level

BBchess

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 30 Oct 2011 10:26:01 GMT

Home * Engines * BBchess

BBchess,
a chess program by Bernard Brioit. The engine part is written in Pascal, its own GUI in Delphi. BBchess uses the 0x88 Board representation and performs an improved MTD(f) search on top of iterative deepening and applies Null move pruning with a depth reduction of 3. It uses two transposition tables, and supports the Thompson endgame databases with three and four pieces ^[1].

Namesake

BBChess by Borko Bošković

External Links

Gazet Jean-François from Blitzchess.fr et Mesjeuxelectroniques.fr

References

^ Interview with BBChess programmer Bernhard Brioit ... (May 31th, 2002 Deutsch, Français, English) by Frank Quisinsky from the Schachwerkstatt Archives, September 4, 2006 (dead link)

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
BB	Jan 8, 2016
BBchess	Oct 30, 2011
BBChess (SI)	Jan 12, 2015
Bernard Brioit	Jan 10, 2015
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
FCCC 1996	Jul 25, 2014
FCCC 1998	Oct 22, 2012
FCCC 1999	Jan 29, 2013
FCCC 2000	Jan 26, 2013
FCCC 2002	Aug 4, 2013
FCCC 2003	Jan 26, 2013
FCCC 2004	Jun 16, 2013
Kristy Lenix	Nov 28, 2015
Massy 2001	Jan 28, 2013
Massy 2002	Jan 2, 2018
Massy 2003	Jan 27, 2013
Massy 2004	Oct 27, 2016
Massy 2005	Jan 29, 2013
Massy 2006	Jan 29, 2013
PixChess	Oct 27, 2016

Up one Level

BBChess (SI)

GerdIsenberg — Mon, 12 Jan 2015 21:08:34 GMT

Differential Evolution

Home * Engines * BBChess (SI)

BBChess,
a free open source engine licensed under the GNU General Public License, written in ANSI C by Borko Bošković starting in 2005. BBChess is Chess Engine Communication Protocol compatible and can be compiled for Linux and Windows. It performs a parallel search using threads, PVS, and determines sliding piece attacks with magic bitboards.

Differential Evolution

BBChess' was further object of research in genetic programming at Computer Architecture and Languages Laboratory ^[1], Institute of Computer Science ^[2] at University of Maribor, its evaluation was tuned by Differential Evolution (DE), also topic of Bošković's Ph.D. thesis ^[3] ^[4]:

The DE algorithm employs mutation and cross-over operations to generate new individuals and selection operation to select individuals that will survive into next generation. Before selection operation is employed, individuals have to be evaluated. In our case individuals are evaluated according to the games they have played. Therefore individuals play a specific number of games in each generation and individuals with greater efficiency survive into the next generation...

With the proposed tuning approach, we tuned the chess evaluation function of BBChess chess program. Tuning was done with and without expert knowledge. When we tuned the parameters without expert knowledge, because the search space was huge, we tuned only a few parameters. After 500 generations of the evolutionary process, the value of parameters convergence to the values that relationship were approximately equal as known from the chess theory. When we tuned the parameter values with expert knowledge, the tuning intervals of parameter values were set around the approximate values and the number of tuned parameters was 190. The obtained results show that, our approach was successful.

Namesake

BBchess by Bernard Brioit

Publications

Borko Bošković, Sašo Greiner, Janez Brest, Viljem Žumer (2006). A Differential Evolution for the Tuning of a Chess Evaluation Function. IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2006
Borko Bošković, Sašo Greiner, Janez Brest, Viljem Žumer (2007). Uglaševanje šahovskega programa BBChess z uporabo algoritma diferencialne evolucije. Zbornik šestnajste mednarodne Elektrotehniške in računalniške konference ERK (Slovenian)
Borko Bošković, Sašo Greiner, Janez Brest, Aleš Zamuda, Viljem Žumer (2008). An Adaptive Differential Evolution Algorithm with Opposition-Based Mechanisms, Applied to the Tuning of a Chess Program. Advances in Differential Evolution, Studies in Computational Intelligence, ISBN: 978-3-540-68827-3
Borko Bošković (2010). Differential Evolution for the Tuning of a Chess Evaluation Function. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maribor
Borko Bošković, Janez Brest (2011). Tuning Chess Evaluation Function Parameters using Differential Evolution. Algorithm. Informatica, 35, No. 2, pdf
Borko Bošković, Janez Brest, Aleš Zamuda, Sašo Greiner, Viljem Žumer (2011). History mechanism supported differential evolution for chess evaluation function tuning. Soft Computing, Vol. 15, No. 4

Forum Posts

BBChess 1.2 : 2296 by Patrick Buchmann, CCC, September 21, 2007
BBChess 1.2a : 2287 by Patrick Buchmann, CCC, October 10, 2007
BBChess 1.3a : 2309 by Patrick Buchmann, CCC, March 02, 2008
BBChess 1.3b : 2384 by Patrick Buchmann, CCC, Januray 17, 2009

External Links

Chess program BBChess - Computer Architecture and Languages Laboratory, University of Maribor
BBChess 1.3b in CCRL 40/40
BBChess 1.3b 64-bit 2CPU in CCRL 40/4
Black Stone Raiders - live at Festival Lent, Maribor, June 26, 2011, YouTube Video
Jean-Paul Bourelly, Darryl Jones, Will Calhoun

References

^ Computer Architecture and Languages Laboratory
^ Institute of Computer Science
^ Borko Bošković (2010). Differential Evolution for the Tuning of a Chess Evaluation Function. Ph.D. thesis, University of Maribor
^ Borko Bošković, Janez Brest (2011). Tuning Chess Evaluation Function Parameters using Differential Evolution. Algorithm. Informatica, 35, No. 2, pdf

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
BB	Jan 8, 2016
BBchess	Oct 30, 2011
BBChess (SI)	Jan 12, 2015
Borko Bošković	May 23, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Genetic Programming	Dec 26, 2017
MinkoChess	Sep 5, 2013
University of Maribor	Nov 10, 2016

Up one Level

Brainless

GerdIsenberg — Sat, 24 Jun 2017 08:54:00 GMT

Home * Engines * Brainless

Brainless,
a Chess Engine Communication Protocol compliant open source chess engine under the GNU General Public License, written in C++ by Matthew Lai and Wieland Belka with contributions from Pawel Koziol. Brainless started as project from Matthew 's high school years and has been abandoned in about 2008, when German chess master Wieland Belka and Pawel Koziol contributed to the evaluation to play the First Italian Open Chess Software Cup, 2010 in Carugate. It plays on FICS under the handle BrainlessChess(C) ^[1]. The opening book is converted from Beowulf.

Photos

IOCSC 2010: Dolphin and Brainless operated by local chess players ^[2]

Description

^[3]

Board Representation

Brainless is a bitboard engine and uses rotated bitboards indexed by 6-bit line occupancy to determine sliding piece attacks, and uses the GCC builtins trailing zero count and population count ^[4] for bitboard serialization and mobility.

Search

The search is PVS alpha-beta with transposition table inside an iterative deepening framework with aspiration windows. Selectivity is applied by adaptive null move pruning (R=2 + depth >= 7), LMR, IID and check extensions, the quiescence search considers captures and promotions only. Along with the killer heuristic, static exchange evaluation improves move ordering, and also prunes bad captures near the tips.

Evaluation

The evaluation function, written by Wieland Belka, with contributions from Pawel Koziol, consists mainly of material, piece-square tables, cached pawn structure, king safety and various evaluation patterns.

Namesake

Brainless (Forth) by David Kühling

Forum Posts

Re: resources on how to write an eval function? by cyberfish, March 14, 2008

External Links

Chess Engine

Misc

References

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Brainless	Jun 24, 2017
Brainless (Forth)	Jun 24, 2017
Eichhörnchen	Jul 16, 2013
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
IOCSC 2010	Jul 13, 2013
Matthew Lai	Dec 6, 2017
Wieland Belka	Jul 13, 2013

Up one Level

Brainless (Forth)

GerdIsenberg — Sat, 24 Jun 2017 08:52:59 GMT

Home * Engines * Brainless

Brainless,
an open source chess program by David Kühling, released in 2010 under the GPL Version 3 ^[1]. Brainless is written in ANS Forth ^[2], and uses the Forth terminal for interacting with the user and make use of ANSI color terminals and Unicode chess piece glyphs for quasi-graphical display.

Namesake

Brainless by Matthew Lai, Wieland Belka and Pawel Koziol

External Links

Chess Engine

Misc

References

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Brainless	Jun 24, 2017
Brainless (Forth)	Jun 24, 2017
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
FCP	Jun 15, 2013
Forth	Jun 15, 2013

Up one Level

Brutus

GerdIsenberg — Sat, 24 Dec 2016 20:29:56 GMT

Home * Engines * Brutus

		Brutus, a FPGA based chess entity developed by Chrilly Donninger, supported by Alex Kure and Ulf Lorenz. Brutus consists of usual PCs with Xilinx Virtex FPGA boards inside, and was designed in dependence on the Belle and Deep Thought chess machines. In fact, it was Ken Thompson who initiated and supported the FPGA chess project. After the WCCC 2003, Brutus evolved to Hydra.
Brutus ^[1]

How it started

In early 2000, Ken Thompson told his friend Frederic Friedel about interesting hardware developments concerning FPGAs, and asked whether he was aware of a programmer who could build such a kind of "People's Deep Blue". ChessBase, surely interested in the commercial aspects of such a machine, engaged Chrilly Donninger for the development of a FPGA based chess hardware and program. The work on Brutus started in October 2000, one year later it could calculate its first position, and in January 2002, it played its first game. Soon, programmer, chess expert and opening book author Alex Kure, and in November 2002, Ulf Lorenz, responsible for the surrounding distributed search, joined the Brutus team, with ChessBase and the University of Paderborn cooperating on the project ^[2].

Etymology

The name Brutus was chosen by Matthias Wüllenweber due to his spot on Ancient Rome. The idea was a "People's Deep Blue" to dethrone "Caesar" Garry Kasparov ^[3].

Description

Brutus partially ran on PCs and partially on FPGA cards. Opposed to a pure move generation approach, and to diminish PCI communication overhead with the PC, the hardware was designed also to perform a kind of iterative search. Brutus’ FPGA definition was written in the Verilog hardware description language, and uses 67 out of 96 BlockRAMs, 534 of 24,576 Flip-Flops, and 18,403 of 24,576 LUTs of the Virtex board ^[4].

Brutus on a Xilinx Virtex V405E FPGA development board ^[5]

FPGA Search

Brutus calculates the last 3 plies of an n-ply search on the FPGA side, inclusively quiescence search and evaluations. It essentially contains a big piece of combinatorial logic, controlled by a finite state machine (FSM) with 54 states for the search. An upper bound for the number of cycles per search node is 9. The Figure below shows a simplified version of the FSM that controls the search on the FPGA card. States must not be interpreted as time points when functions are called. E.g. the move generator and the evaluation are never called in that sense. They are running all the time ^[6].

Search in Hardware: Simplified state diagram ^[7]

Evaluation

The evaluation consists of many small features which are summed up by one large adder tree. All features are determined simultaneously.

Move Generation

The Belle like move generator consists of the generate aggressor module and the generate victim module, both instantiate 64 square modules, one for each square. The squares send piece-signals if any, respectively forwarding the signals of sliding pieces. Each square can output the signal ’victim found’ to indicate the ’victim’ is target square of a pseudo-legal move. The collection of all ’victim found’ signals is the input for a comparator tree, an arbiter, which selects the most attractive, not yet examined victim. The generate aggressor module takes the arbiter’s output as input and sends the signal of a super-piece from the target to find one or more origin squares. Selection criteria are the values of attacked pieces and whether or not a move is a killer move.

Distributed Search

The most sensitive and important part of Brutus search algorithm is distributed among several standard PCs, connected via a high-speed Myrienet. One of the processors receives the current chess position and basically begins a sequential alpha beta search. Idle processors send work requests randomly around the net - when a working processor captures such a request, it distributes part of his own (sub-) problem. Using a tricky messaging system between the processors, the work is dynamically balanced with little search overhead. After a while, all processors have something useful to do. A processor generates approximately 100,000 searches on a FPGA board per second ^[8].

Tournament Play

A Brutus prototype had its debut at the IPCCC 2002 with an expected 50% score, but Brutus quickly improved and already played a strong WCCC 2002 in Maastricht, where it became third only loosing a spectacular game from later champion Junior. At the IPCCC 2003, Brutus became third again, then, in August 2003, it won the 11th Grandmaster Tournament in Lippstadt with 9 out of 11 ^[9], and seemed dedicated to win the upcoming WCCC 2003 in Graz, but after two consecutive losses from Shredder and Deep Junior in round 5 and 6, Brutus finished disappointing fourth. As a consequence, ChessBase went out of the project, which then continued under the patronage of the Pal Group of Companies ^[10] under its new name Hydra.

Photos & Games

IPCCC 2002

IPCCC 2002: Alex Kure, Chrilly Donninger, Mathias Feist, Brutus vs. Fritz 0 - 1 ^[11] ^[12]

[Event "IPCCC 2002"]
[Site "Paderborn GER"]
[Date "2002.03.03"]
[Round "07"]
[White "Brutus-XPa"]
[Black "Fritz"]
[Result "0-1"]
[ECO "E34"]
 
1.d4 Nf6 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Bb4 4.Qc2 d5 5.cxd5 Qxd5 6.Nf3 Qf5 7.Qxf5 exf5 8.a3 Be7 9.Bf4 c6 
10.e3 Nbd7 11.Bc4 Nb6 12.Ba2 Be6 13.Be5 h6 14.Ke2 a5 15.Rhc1 a4 16.Kf1 O-O 17.Ne2 Ne4 
18.Bxe6 fxe6 19.Nf4 Kf7 20.Bxg7 Kxg7 21.Nxe6+ Kf6 22.Nxf8 Bxf8 23.Ke2 Bd6 24.g3 h5 
25.Nh4 Nd5 26.f3 Ng5 27.Kd3 Rd8 28.e4 Ne7 29.Ke3 Bc7 30.Nxf5 Nxf5+ 31.exf5 h4 32.f4 
Re8+ 33.Kd3 Nf3 34.d5 Nxh2 35.dxc6 hxg3 36.cxb7 Bxf4 37.Rc4 Kxf5 38.Rxa4 g2 39.Ra5+ Kf6 
40.Ra6+ Kf7 41.Ra4 Bb8 42.Ra5 Kf6 43.Ra6+ Kf5 44.Ra5+ Kf4 45.Ra6 Nf3 46.Rf6+ Kg3 47.Rg6+ 
Kf2 48.Rg7 g1=R 49.Raxg1 Nxg1 50.Rf7+ Nf3 51.a4 Kg3 52.Rg7+ Kf4 53.Rf7+ Kg4 54.Rh7 Ng5 
55.Rd7 Kf5 56.a5 Ke6 57.Rd4 Nf3 58.Ra4 Kd5 59.a6 Ba7 60.Kc3 Re3+ 61.Kc2 Nd4+ 62.Kd2 Nc6
63.Kc2 Kc5 64.Kd2 Kb5 65.Ra1 Re7 66.Rc1 Rd7+ 67.Ke1 Nb4 68.Ke2 Kxa6 0-1

WCCC 2002

WCCC 2002, round 6, Brutus - Deep Junior ^[13] ^[14]:

[Event "WCCC 2002"]
[Site "Maastricht, The Netherlands"]
[Date "2002.07.09"]
[Round "6"]
[White "Brutus"]
[Black "Deep Junior"]
[Result "0-1"]
 
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be2 e5 7.Nb3 Be7 8.O-O O-O 9.Kh1 Qc7 
10.f4 b5 11.fxe5 dxe5 12.Bg5 Nbd7 13.Bd3 Bb7 14.Qf3 b4 15.Ne2 a5 16.Ng3 g6 17.Rad1 a4 
18.Nd2 Ba6 19.Ne2 Rfc8 20.b3 Kg7 21.Qh3 h5 22.Qf3 Qc6 23.Bc4 Bxc4 24.Nxc4 Qe6 25.c3 
axb3 26.axb3 Rxc4 27.bxc4 b3 28.h3 b2 29.Ng3 Qxc4 30.Rb1 Rb8 31.Rfd1 Rb3 32.Rd3 Nc5 
33.Re3 Rb6 34.Re2 Na4 35.Rd2 Qa2 36.Rdd1 Rc6 37.Ne2 Qc4  38.Rf1 Rb6 39.Rbd1 Kf8 
40.Bh6+ Ke8 41.Bg7 Qxe4 42.Bxf6 Qxf3 43.gxf3 Rxf6 44.Rb1 Ba3 45.f4 exf4 46.Rf3 g5 
47.c4 Bc5 48.Rd3 g4 49.Rb3 Kd7 50.Rf1 f3 51.Ng3 Rb6 52.Rxb6 Nxb6 0-1

WCCC 2003

WCCC 2003, Brutus - Diep ^[15], Vincent Diepeveen, Ulf Lorenz and Chrilly Donninger ^[16]

[Event "WCCC 2003"]
[Site "Graz, Austria"]
[Date "2003.11.27"]
[Round "8"]
[White "Brutus"]
[Black "Diep"]
[Result "1-0"]
 
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6 6.Be3 e5 7.Nb3 Be6 8.f3 Nbd7 9.Qd2 b5 
10.a4 b4 11.Nd5 Bxd5 12.exd5 Nb6 13.Bxb6 Qxb6 14.a5 Qb7 15.Bc4 Be7 16.Ra4 Rb8 17.Nc1 
O-O 18.b3 Bd8 19.Na2 Nd7 20.Kd1 Qc8 21.Nxb4 Nc5 22.Ra2 Bg5 23.Nc6 Qxc6 24.dxc6 Bxd2 
25.Kxd2 Rfc8 26.Bd5 Ne6 27.Rd1 Nd8 28.c3 Kf8 29.g4 Ke7 30.h4 Rc7 31.Ra4 f6 32.h5 Nxc6 
33.Rc4 Kd7 34.b4 h6 35.f4 exf4 36.Rxf4 Ne5 37.Re1 Rb5 38.Bb3 Rbb7 39.Re3 Rb8 40.Rd4 
Rbc8 41.Bd5 Rc4 42.Rde4 R4c7 43.Kc2 Rb8 44.Rd4 Rb5 45.Kb3 Nc6 46.Be6+ Ke7 47.Bc4+ Re5 
48.Rdd3 Ra7 49.Bd5 Nd8 50.Re4 Ne6 51.Rd2 Kd7 52.c4 Nc7 53.Red4 Nxd5 54.Rxd5 Rxd5 
55.Rxd5 Ke6 56.Kc3 Ra8 57.Kd4 g6 58.hxg6 Rg8 59.c5 dxc5+ 60.bxc5 Rxg6 61.c6 Rxg4+ 
62.Kc5 Ra4 63.Rd8 Rxa5+ 64.Kb6 Ra2 65.c7 Rc2 66.c8=Q+ Rxc8 67.Rxc8 Kf5 68.Rh8 Kg5 
69.Kxa6 h5 70.Kb5 h4 71.Kc4 Kg4 72.Kd4 Kg3 73.Ke3 Kg4 74.Rh7 h3 75.Rh6 f5 76.Rg6+ 
Kh4 77.Kf4 1-0

Namesake

Brutus by Stephan Vermeire

Publications

Eric Hallsworth (2002). The Brutus Project. Selective Search 101, pp. 33, pdf hosted by Mike Watters
Wenzel Mraček (2003). Zu Besuch bei Christian „Chrilly“ Donninger. pdf (German)
Chrilly Donninger, Alex Kure, Ulf Lorenz (2004). Parallel Brutus: The First Distributed, FPGA Accelerated Chess Program. IPDPS’04

Forum Posts

Any details about Brutus? by Peter McKenzie, CCC, February 27, 2002
BRUTUS by Elvis, ChessBits-Computerschachforum, February 28, 2002 (German)
Junior Verses Brutus --> Rxc4 "The best PC chess move ever?" by Dann Corbit, CCC, July 31, 2002
Suturb - Bob by Frank Phillips, CCC, January 22, 2003
Re: What happens to the BRUTUS Project by Dr. Donninger ? by Chrilly Donninger, CCC, April 01, 2003
Status of Brutus? by O. Veli, CCC, July 26, 2003
Brutus has won the Lippstadt Tournament by Tomas Casanovas Martinez, CCC, August 16, 2003
Go Brutus!! by Pete Rihaczek, CCC, November 24, 2003

External Links

Chess

Brutus' ICGA Tournaments
Comp Brutus chess games - 365Chess.com
Brutus - Was ist das denn?, ChessBase News, March 07, 2002 (German)
What is Brutus?, ChessBase News, March 20, 2002
Parallele Schachprogrammierung, ChessBase News, September, 16, 2003 (German)
Schach + PC - Brutus by Peter Schreiner, Schachclub Leinzell, April 2002 (German)
Brutus and Hydra by Ulf Lorenz, University of Paderborn

Maastricht

Vormärz by Chrilly Donninger, Old CSVN site (German) ^[17]

Lippstadt

Brutus mit Auftaktsieg, ChessBase News, August 08, 2003 (German)
Brutus in Lippstadt mit zweitem Sieg, ChessBase News, August 09, 2003 (German)
Grandmasters brutalised in Lippstadt, ChessBase News, August 10, 2003
Spielen wie Tal, ChessBase News, August 10, 2003 (German)
Brutus auch nur ein Mensch, ChessBase News, August 11, 2003 (German)
Brutus remis, ChessBase News, August 12, 2003 (German)
Brutus reloaded, ChessBase News, August 13, 2003 (German)
Brutus: Held mit programmierter Götterdämmerung?, ChessBase News, August 14, 2003 (German)
Brutus vor Maiwald und Cyborski, ChessBase News, August 15, 2003 (German)
Brutus marschiert, ChessBase News, August 16, 2003 (German)
Brutus mit GM-Norm, ChessBase News, August 17, 2003 (German)

Graz

Brutus defeats Fritz in round four, ChessBase News, November 24, 2003
Computer Championship: Shredder stops Brutus, ChessBase News, November 25, 2003

Brutus

References

^ Marble bust of Brutus, at the Palazzo Massimo alle Terme in the National Museum of Rome, Marcus Junius Brutus the Younger from Wikipedia
^ Brutus and Hydra by Ulf Lorenz, University of Paderborn
^ Schach + PC - Brutus by Peter Schreiner, Schachclub Leinzell, April 2002 (German)
^ Chrilly Donninger, Alex Kure, Ulf Lorenz (2004). Parallel Brutus: The First Distributed, FPGA Accelerated Chess Program. IPDPS’04
^ Brutus - Was ist das denn?, ChessBase News, March 07, 2002
^ Chrilly Donninger, Alex Kure, Ulf Lorenz (2004). Parallel Brutus: The First Distributed, FPGA Accelerated Chess Program. IPDPS’04
^ Chrilly Donninger, Alex Kure, Ulf Lorenz (2004). Parallel Brutus: The First Distributed, FPGA Accelerated Chess Program. IPDPS’04
^ Parallele Schachprogrammierung, ChessBase News, September, 16, 2003 (German)
^ Performance ELO by Lei, Shiann-Tzong, CCC, August 16, 2003
^ Pal Group of Companies
^ FSV personal chess service - Paderborn 2002 Pics (from Sunday, 03.03.2002) by Torsten Schoop
^ Downloads | IPCCC | Games, CSVN site
^ Maastricht 2002 - Chess - Round 6 - Game 6 (ICGA Tournaments)
^ Junior Verses Brutus --> Rxc4 "The best PC chess move ever?" by Dann Corbit, CCC, July 31, 2002
^ Graz 2003 - Chess - Round 8 - Game 6 (ICGA Tournaments)
^ Live from Graz – Fritz and Shredder lead, ChessBase News, November, 27, 2003
^ Vormärz from Wikipedia

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Alex Kure	Aug 27, 2016
Belle	Jan 18, 2018
Brutus	Dec 24, 2016
Brutus NL	Aug 22, 2016
Caesar	May 22, 2016
Chrilly Donninger	Dec 19, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
FPGA	Jul 9, 2016
GridChess	Jul 13, 2016
Hydra	Aug 17, 2016
IPCCC 2002	May 31, 2014
IPCCC 2003	Aug 17, 2016
List (Program)	Jan 7, 2016
Move Generation	Jan 29, 2018
MVV-LVA	Oct 26, 2017
Nimzo	Dec 30, 2017
Ulf Lorenz	Dec 22, 2016
University of Paderborn	Aug 17, 2014
WCCC 2002	Nov 24, 2017
WCCC 2003	Apr 2, 2017
Wolfgang Zugrav	Jul 13, 2016

Up one Level

Brutus NL

GerdIsenberg — Mon, 22 Aug 2016 15:30:26 GMT

Home * Engines * Brutus

		Brutus (Brutus Chess), a Chess Engine Communication Protocol compatible open source chess engine by Stephan Vermeire and Maurizio Platino, since Version 8 also UCI compliant. Brutus participated at the CPT 2008 and the CPT 2010, the over the board Chess Programmers Tournaments organized by Richard Pijl. Brutus is a bitboard engine, determines sliding piece attacks with magic bitboards, uses alpha-beta with transposition table and null-move pruning, and supports SMP search ^[1]. Brutus 8.05 is able to read ctg bookfiles ^[2].
Brutus Chess ^[3] ^[4] ^[5]

Namesake

Brutus, the FPGA program by Chrilly Donninger

Forum Posts

Brutus v8.01 available at new website by Stephan Vermeire, Winboard Forum, November 14, 2009
Brutus v8.5 released by Stephan Vermeire, Winboard Forum, January 25, 2010

External Links

Chess Engine

Misc

References

^ Brutus' Homepage
^ Brutus v8.5 released by Stephan Vermeire, Winboard Forum, January 25, 2010
^ Brutus' Homepage
^ Asterix from Wikipedia
^ Albert Uderzo from Wikipedia

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Brutus	Dec 24, 2016
Brutus NL	Aug 22, 2016
CCC 2009	Apr 29, 2015
CPT 2008	Nov 6, 2014
CPT 2010	Jan 17, 2013
CTG	Aug 22, 2016
DayDreamer	Aug 22, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
IOCSC 2010	Jul 13, 2013
Stephan Vermeire	Mar 29, 2015

Up one Level

BugChess FR

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 24 Feb 2013 13:27:39 GMT

Home * Engines * BugChess FR

BugChess,
a family of chess programs written by programmer François Karr and chess expert Jean-Philippe Karr. The early Bugchess versions starting in 1996 running under MS-DOS ^[1] and Windows were compiled with Borland C++ ^[2] and had their own GUI.

Screenshot

BugChess GUI ^[3]

BugChess2

BugChess2 is a WinBoard compliant chess engine written in C++. It was a complete rewrite and has no code in common with BugChess, and features a parallel search to utilize multiple processors. BugChess2 was first released in May 2006 ^[4], and played a strong WCRCC 2008 Annual ACCA World Computer Rapid Chess Championship.

Selected Games

WCRCC 2008, round 14, BugChess2 - Rybka ^[5]

[Event "WCRCC 2008"]
[Site "Internet Chess Club"]
[Date "2008.06.22"]
[Round "14"]
[White "BugChess2"]
[Black "Rybka"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
 
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 d6 3.Nf3 Nf6 4.e5 dxe5 5.Nxe5 a6 6.a4 Qc7 7.d4 e6 8.Be3 Nbd7 
9.Nc4 cxd4 10.Qxd4 Bc5 11.Qf4 Qxf4 12.Bxf4 Nd5 13.Nxd5 exd5 14.Nd6+ Ke7 
15.Nxc8+ Rhxc8 16.O-O-O Nf6 17.f3 b5 18.axb5 axb5 19.Bxb5 Ra5 20.Bd3 Bb4 
21.c3 d4 22.c4 Nd5 23.Bg5+ Ke6 24.Kc2 Ne3+ 25.Bxe3 dxe3 26.Ra1 Rca8 27.Rxa5 
Rxa5 28.Be2 g5 29.h4 h6 30.hxg5 hxg5 31.g4 Ke5 32.Rh8 Kf4 33.Re8 Bd2 34.Re7 
Kg3 35.Rxf7 Kf2 36.Kd3 Ra8 37.Rf5 Bc1 38.Rxg5 Bxb2 39.Rh5 Ra3+ 40.Kc2 Kxe2 
41.Kxb2 Ra8 42.f4 Re8 43.Rh1 Kf3 44.f5 Kxg4 45.Kc2 Kf3 46.Kd1 Rd8+ 47.Ke1 
Ra8 48.Rh3+ Ke4 49.Rh7 Ra1+ 50.Ke2 Ra2+ 51.Kd1 Kd4 52.Rd7+ Kxc4 53.f6 Rf2 
54.f7 Kc5 55.Ke1 Kb6 56.Rd6+ Kb5 57.Rd7 Kc5 58.Kd1 Kc6 59.Rd3 Rxf7 60.Ke2 
Re7 61.Rxe3 1/2-1/2

Namesake

BugChess by Erik van het Hof and Hermen Reitsma

Forum Posts

BugChess 2 bug by Gábor Szots, Winboard Forum, July 26, 2007
BugChess2 1.5.2 is out ! by François Karr, CCC, October 15, 2007
BugChess2 1.6.3 is out ! by François Karr, CCC, November 04, 2008
BugChess2 1.6.4 released ! by François Karr, CCC, November 05, 2009
BugChess2 1.9 available (SMP) by François Karr, CCC, April 29, 2011
SWCR: BugChess2 1.9 x64 test finished, +42 ELO by Frank Quisinsky, CCC, June 10, 2011

External Links

References

^ CSVNP8 supplement site 1999
^ Re: Programming language by Dann Corbit, Winboard Forum, September 04, 2001
^ Septober - Computerschach by Herbert Marquardt
^ BugChess2 from WBEC Ridderkerk
^ 2008 Second Annual ACCA World Computer Chess Championships - Results - PGN download

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
BugChess FR	Feb 24, 2013
BugChess NL	Feb 24, 2013
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
François Karr	Feb 24, 2013
Jean-Philippe Karr	Feb 24, 2013
TCEC Season 5	Jun 2, 2014
WCRCC 2008	Nov 21, 2016

Up one Level

BugChess NL

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 24 Feb 2013 11:15:27 GMT

Home * Engines * BugChess NL

BugChess,
a chess program written by Erik van het Hof and Hermen Reitsma. BugChess played the 18th Dutch Open Computer Chess Championship 1998 ^[1], and was active in the late 90s at ICC, as reported in Will Singleton's ICC Green Lists ^[2].

Selected Games

DOCCC 1998, round 10, BugChess - CilkChess ^[3]

[Event "Dutch Open Computer 1998"]
[Site "Leiden NED"]
[Date "1998.11.29"]
[Round "10"]
[White "BugChess"]
[Black "CilkChess"]
[Result "0-1"]
 
1.e4 e5 2.Nf3 Nf6 3.d4 exd4 4.Bd3 Bb4+ 5.Bd2 Bc5 6.e5 Nd5 7.Bg5 Ne7 8.Nbd2 h6 
9.Bf4 Nbc6 10.Nb3 d6 11.Nxc5 dxc5 12.O-O O-O 13.Qe2 Bf5 14.Bxf5 Nxf5 15.Qb5 Qd5 
16.Bd2 Nxe5 17.Nxe5 Qxe5 18.Qxb7 Rab8 19.Qxa7 Rxb2 20.Qa4 Qe4 21.Rac1 Nh4 
22.f3 Ra8 23.Qc4 Qc6 24.a4 Rxa4 25.Qe2 c4 26.Qe7 Nf5 27.Qe5 Rb5 28.Qe4 Qxe4 
29.fxe4 Nd6 30.Bf4 Nxe4 31.Bxc7 Ra2 32.Rf4 Nc3 33.Rf2 f6 34.g4 Rbb2 35.Bf4 d3 
36.Kh1 Ne2 37.Rd1 Nxf4 0-1

Namesake

BugChess2 by François Karr and Jean-Philippe Karr

Forum Posts

ICC Green List - Nov 29 by Will Singleton, CCC, November 29, 1999
ICC Green List - Dec 13 by Will Singleton, CCC, December 13, 1999
ICC Green List - Jan 10 by Will Singleton, CCC, January 10, 2000

References

^ Theo van der Storm (1998). Report on the 18th Dutch Open Computer-Chess Championship. ICCA Journal, Vol. 21, No. 4
^ ICC Green List - Nov 29 by Will Singleton, CCC, November 29, 1999
^ Downloads | Open Dutch Computer Chess Championships | Games

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
BugChess FR	Feb 24, 2013
BugChess NL	Feb 24, 2013
DOCCC 1998	Feb 25, 2018
Engines	Mar 10, 2018

Up one Level

Caligula

GerdIsenberg — Sun, 22 May 2016 14:15:46 GMT

Home * Engines * Caligula

		Caligula, a chess program by Gerardo Castaño Recio and successor of Toledo 2000. Caligula played a strong 6th Spanish Open Computer Chess Championship 1999 and became Spanish Champion and runner-up behind Chess Tiger, winning from Tiger ^[1] and Diep, but losing from its countrymen programs Eugen and Ruy Lopez.
Caligula ^[2]

Namesake

Caligula by Pedro Castro

Forum Posts

Spain open - Toledo2000/caligula wins from Tiger by Vincent Diepeveen, CCC, December 27, 1999

External Links

References

^ Spain open - Toledo2000/caligula wins from Tiger by Vincent Diepeveen, CCC, December 27, 1999
^ Gaius Caligula, Emperor of Rome, by Antonius 1596

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Caesar	May 22, 2016
Caligula	May 22, 2016
Caligula PC	Dec 11, 2013
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Gerardo Castaño Recio	May 14, 2016
Nero	May 5, 2017
SCCC 1999	Aug 15, 2015
Toledo 2000	Feb 24, 2018

Up one Level

Caligula PC

GerdIsenberg — Wed, 11 Dec 2013 21:50:43 GMT

Home * Engines * Caligula

		Caligula, a WinBoard compliant chess engine by Pedro Castro, initially based on Tom's Simple Chess Program by Tom Kerrigan with its 10x12 mailbox board representation. Caligula is not a substitute for DanaSah, Pedro Castro's first engine, but has a more agressive search, while its evaluation seems to be a little worse ^[1].
Caligula kitchingi ^[2]

Namesake

Caligula by Gerardo Castaño Recio

Forum Posts

Caligula 0.3 by Pedro Castro, Winboard Forum, May 29, 2008
Update DanaSah and Caligula by Pedro Castro, Winboard Forum, June 04, 2008

External Links

Chess Engine

Caligula

Misc

References

^ Caligula 0.3 by Pedro Castro, Winboard Forum, May 29, 2008
^ Caligula kitchingi adult from Texas A&M University Insect Collection in College Station, Texas, Author: Shawn Hanrahan, July 18, 2009

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
Caligula	May 22, 2016
Caligula PC	Dec 11, 2013
DanaSah	Oct 9, 2017
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Pedro Castro	Apr 19, 2016
TSCP	Feb 5, 2016

Up one Level

CCCP

GerdIsenberg — Thu, 10 Jan 2013 10:05:55 GMT

Home * Engines * CCCP

CCCP (Comparatively Complex Chess Program) - a closed source chess engine written by Pawel Koziol, based on TSCP. Some ideas used in evaluation function of the CPW-engine are derived from it. There is also a version of CCCP playing a knightmate chess variant.

Namesake

CCCP the Columbia Computer Chess Program

External Links

CCCP homepage

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
CCCP	Jan 10, 2013
CCCP (US)	Dec 22, 2017
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Pawel Koziol	Dec 17, 2017
TSCP	Feb 5, 2016

Up one Level

CCCP (US)

GerdIsenberg — Fri, 22 Dec 2017 08:16:18 GMT

Home * Engines * CCCP

		CCCP, the Columbia Computer Chess Program developed by a group of students at Columbia University, Steven M. Bellovin, Aron Eisenpress, Andrew Koenig, and Ben Yalow, written in PL/I. CCCP played the ACM 1971, where it ran on IBM 360/91 at Columbia University. The project already started during the ACM 1970 in collaboration with Hans Berliner from Carnegie Mellon University, when J. Biit was operated through a chess GUI written at Columbia for the IBM 2250 Display Unit. The four students continued to develop J. Biit, replacing the back end with a much better set of algorithms, evolving into CCCP (a pun on the Cyrillic abbreviation for the official name of the Soviet Union, Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик) after one year of effort ^[1] .
Flying USSR flag ^[2]

Selected Games

The Computer Was a Fish

Selected Games

ACM 1971, round 3, CCCP - David ^[3]

[Event "ACM 1971"]
[Site "Chicago USA"]
[Date "1971.08.04"]
[Round "3"]
[White "CCCP"]
[Black "David"]
[Result "1/2-1/2"]
 
1.e4 e6 2.d4 Nc6 3.Nc3 g5 4.Bb5 a6 5.Bxc6 dxc6 6.Be3 b5 7.Qh5 b4
8.Bxg5 Nf6 9.Bxf6 Qxf6 10.e5 Qg7 11.Ne4 Qxg2 12.Qf3 Qxf3 13.Nxf3
Bh6 14.Nf6+ Ke7 15.a3 bxa3 16.Rxa3 Rb8 17.O-O Rxb2 18.c4 a5 19.Rxa5
Rb3 20.Kg2 Rxf3 21.Kxf3 Bd2 22.Rc5 Bc3 23.Rxc6 Bb7 24.Nd5+ exd5
25.Rxc7+ Ke6 26.Rxb7 dxc4 27.Rb6+ Kf5 28.Rf6+ Kg5 29.Rg1+ Kh5
30.Rf5+ Kh6 31.Rf6+ Kh5 32.Rf5+ Kh6 33.Rf6+ Kh5 34.Rf5+ 1/2-1/2

The Computer Was a Fish

		In his essay The Computer Was a Fish, published in Analog Science Fiction and Fact, August 1972 ^[4], George R. R. Martin mentions the ACM 1971 and a computer chess program called CCCP, which had a certain Mr. Benjamin Yalow on the team ^[5]. The essay inspired Charles F. and Charlie Wilkes to write their program The Fox ^[6].
Analog, August 1972 ^[7]

Namesake

CCCP by Pawel Koziol

Publications

Andrew Koenig (1978). Light-Pen used in game. Personal Computing, Vol. 2, No. 5, pp. 112

External Links

References

^ Recollections of CUCC 1968-70 -The CCCP Chess Program
^ Flag of the Soviet Union, file from the Prelinger Archives, which released it explicitly into the public domain, using the Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication, Wikimedia Commons
^ PGN Download NACCC from Computerschaak/Downloads/Games hosted by CSVN
^ George R. R. Martin (1972). The Computer Was a Fish. Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972
^ The Drink Tank 319 - Hugo for Best Novel | Chris Garcia - Editors - James Bacon (pdf)
^ Computer Chess Newsletter, Issue 2 1977 by Douglas Penrod, Charles F. Wilkes pp. 6-9, Courtesy of Peter Jennings, pdf reprint from The Computer History Museum
^ Cover art by Frank Kelly Freas, supplied by Visco, Analog Science Fiction/Science Fact, August 1972

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
ACM 1971	Jul 19, 2016
Andrew Koenig	Dec 22, 2017
Aron Eisenpress	Jul 8, 2012
Ben Yalow	Jan 21, 2013
CCCP	Jan 10, 2013
CCCP (US)	Dec 22, 2017
Charles F. Wilkes	Oct 6, 2014
Charlie Wilkes	Oct 6, 2014
Columbia University	Oct 13, 2016
David	Jul 20, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
IBM 360	Jan 2, 2016
J. Biit	Jan 17, 2017
Personal Computing	Dec 27, 2017
PL 1	Jan 20, 2016
Steven M. Bellovin	Dec 14, 2017
The Fox	Feb 27, 2017

Up one level

Chaturanga

GerdIsenberg — Thu, 04 Apr 2013 13:17:49 GMT

Home * Engines * Chaturanga

		Chaturanga, a chess program by John Poduska, Jr. written in Pascal. In 1981 it searched about 1000 Nodes per second on a 68000 based Apollo workstation ^[1] . It competed twice at ACM North American Computer Chess Championships, ACM 1981 and ACM 1982. The name Chaturanga was derived from the ancient Indian game which is presumed to be the common ancestor of the games of Chess, Shogi and Chinese Chess ^[2] .
Krishna and Radha playing Chaturanga on an 8x8 Ashtāpada ^[3] ^[4]

Namesake

Chaturanga by Stefano Malloggi

External Links

References

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
ACM 1981	Jan 19, 2018
ACM 1982	Jul 19, 2016
Chaturanga	Apr 4, 2013
Chaturanga IT	Jan 7, 2016
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
IGWT 2013	Jun 23, 2014
John Poduska, Jr.	Aug 2, 2016

Up one level

Chaturanga IT

GerdIsenberg — Thu, 07 Jan 2016 18:40:44 GMT

Home * Engines * Chaturanga IT

Chaturanga,
a Chess Engine Communication Protocol aka WinBoard compatible chess engine by Stefano Malloggi. Chaturanga played the WCCC 2006, and various Italian Computer Chess Championship ^[1]. The name Chaturanga is derived from the ancient Indian game which is presumed to be the common ancestor of the games of Chess, Shogi and Chinese Chess ^[2].

Selected Games

WCCC 2006, round 3, Chaturanga - FIBChess ^[3]

[Event "WCCC 2006"]
[Site "Turin, Italy"]
[Date "2006.05.26"]
[Round "3"]
[White "Chaturanga"]
[Black "FIBChess"]
[Result "1-0"]
 
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5 3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxe4 Nf6 5.Nxf6+ exf6 6.Nf3 Bd6 7.c4 O-O 
8.Be2 Bg4 9.c5 Bc7 10.O-O Re8 11.Be3 f5 12.Re1 f4 13.Bd2 Re4 14.Qb3 b5 
15.Rad1 Bxf3 16.Bxf3 Rxd4 17.Bxf4 Rxd1 18.Qxd1 Nd7 19.Bxc6 Bxf4 20.Bxa8 
Qc8 21.Bb7 Qxb7 22.Re8+ Nf8 23.Rxf8+ Kxf8 24.Qd8# 1-0

Photos

WCCC 2006 Blitz: Stefano Malloggi and Vasik Rajlich, Chaturanga - Rajlich 0-1 ^[4]

Namesake

Chaturanga by John Poduska, Jr.

External Links

References

What links here?

Page	Date Edited
BremboCE	Feb 17, 2013
CCC 2005	Feb 27, 2014
CCC 2008	Jan 6, 2014
CCC 2009	Apr 29, 2015
Chaturanga	Apr 4, 2013
Chaturanga IT	Jan 7, 2016
CIPS 2006	Jan 6, 2014
CIPS 2007	Jan 6, 2014
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Stefano Malloggi	Jan 7, 2016
Uragano	Oct 2, 2017
WCCC 2006	Jan 28, 2018

Up one level

Che ES

GerdIsenberg — Tue, 18 Aug 2015 11:06:03 GMT

Home * Engines * Che ES

		Che, a chess program by Oscar Contreras, written in C++ and Assembly. Che played the First Spanish Computer Chess Championship, the SCCC 1993 in Barcelona, where it became runner-up behind Betsabe, and the SCCC 1994 in Valencia respectively.
Che Guevara playing chess ^[1]

Selected Games

SCCC 1993, Che versus Jupiter ^[2] :

[Event "SCCC 1993"]
[Site "Barcelona"]
[Date "1993.10.??"]
[Round "?"]
[White "Che"]
[Black "Jupiter"]
[Result "1-0"]
 
1.Nf3 d5 2.d4 Nf6 3.Bf4 Nc6 4.Nc3 Bf5 5.e3 Bg4 6.Bd3 e6 7.O-O Bd6 8.Bxd6 cxd6 
9.h3 Bxf3 10.Qxf3 O-O 11.Rfe1 Rc8 12.Kf1 e5 13.Nxd5 exd4 14.Qf5 g6 15.Qxf6 Re8 
16.exd4 Qd7 17.Rxe8+ Qxe8 18.Qxd6 Qe6 19.Nf6+ Kh8 20.Qxe6 fxe6 21.d5 Ne5 
22.dxe6 Kg7 23.Ng4 Nc4 24.b4 Nd2+ 25.Kg1 Rc6 26.Rd1 1-0

Namesake

Che, Igorrit clone by Dmitri Gusev ^[5]

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References

^ Image appeared on page 43 of the Cuban book on the 17th Chess Olympiad Havana 1966, Miroslav Filip, Tigran Petrosian, Federación Cubana de Ajedrez, et al. (1968). Cuba 66: XVII olimpíada mundial de ajedrez, from 4803. Che Guevara from Chess Notes by Edward Winter
^ Josep Parés, Teresa Canela (1993). Report on the 1st Spanish Computer-Chess Championship. ICCA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 4
^ Chrilly Donninger (1996). CHE: A Graphical Language for Expressing Chess Knowledge. ICCA Journal, Vol. 19, No. 4
^ CHE docs in English / Nimzo 3 version by Mike S., CCC, November 22, 2001
^ Che ver. 1.0, a free, open-source clone of Igorrit 0.086v4 by Dmitri Gusev, CCC, May 07, 2015

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Page	Date Edited
Che ES	Aug 18, 2015
Engines	Mar 10, 2018
Killer	Dec 15, 2017
SCCC 1993	Dec 15, 2017
SCCC 1994	Dec 15, 2017

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